Evidence map›Paper›PMID 40681579›Full record

ArticleScientific reports2025

Shear strength, compressibility, and consolidation behaviour of expansive clay soil stabilized with lime and silica fume.

Sultan Almuaythir, Muhammad Syamsul Imran Zaini, Muzamir Hasan

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Scientific reports, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 2 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
2citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

2 citing papers in PubMed.

  1. Article
  2. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

3 authors.

Sultan AlmuaythirDepartment of Civil Engineering, College of Engineering in Al-Kharj, Prince Sattam Bin Abdulaziz University, 11942, Al-Kharj, Saudi Arabia. s.alhomair@psau.edu.sa.
Muhammad Syamsul Imran ZainiFaculty of Civil Engineering Technology, Universiti Malaysia Pahang Al-Sultan Abdullah, Lebuh Persiaran Tun Khalil Yaakob, 26300, Kuantan, Pahang, Malaysia.
Muzamir HasanFaculty of Civil Engineering Technology, Universiti Malaysia Pahang Al-Sultan Abdullah, Lebuh Persiaran Tun Khalil Yaakob, 26300, Kuantan, Pahang, Malaysia.

Funding

Prince Sattam bin Abdulaziz University PSAU/2024/01/28928
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Expansive clay soils cause structural failures in construction due to volume changes with moisture, but hydrated lime effectively stabilizes them by improving shear strength and reducing plasticity. To address environmental concerns with traditional stabilizers like cement, silica fume, a byproduct of the silicon industry, is now being used as a supplementary additive to enhance stabilization. In this study, the combined effects of hydrated lime and silica fume addition on the shear strength and consolidation behaviour of expansive clay soils are presented. An experimental programme was performed in the laboratory using different ratios of lime and silica fume to determine changes in soil properties. Experimental results indicate that the inclusion of silica fume and lime leads to a 35% increase in shear strength and a 28% reduction in compressibility compared to untreated soil. Moreover, the peak deviatoric stress increased from 540.55 kPa in untreated soil to 624.95 kPa in soil stabilized with 9% lime and 9% silica fume. The results clearly demonstrated that the union of these two additives improves shear strength and consolidation characteristics to stabilize expansive clays which is eco-friendlier and more promising solution. The insights obtained from this research will help us to develop soil stabilization techniques for better in-situ soil performances and hence, sustainable construction.

Indexed as

CompressibilityConsolidationLimeShear strength parametersSilica fume

Identifiers

PMID40681579
PMCPMC12274570

What OpenQuestion holds

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LicenceCC BY-NC-ND
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.