Evidence map›Paper›PMID 40681574›Full record

ArticleScientific reports2025

Valorisation of food industry waste into high-performance biochar for environmental applications.

Małgorzata Sieradzka, Wojciech Jerzak, Agata Mlonka-Mędrala, Anna Marszałek, Mariusz Dudziak, Izabela Kalemba-Rec, Aleksandra Błoniarz, Markus Reinmöller, Agnieszka Kopia, Wojciech Nowak and 1 more

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Scientific reports, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 4 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
4citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

4 citing papers in PubMed.

  1. Article
  2. Review
  3. Article
  4. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

11 authors.

Małgorzata SieradzkaAGH University of Krakow, Al. Mickiewicza 30, 30-059, Krakow, Poland.
Wojciech JerzakAGH University of Krakow, Al. Mickiewicza 30, 30-059, Krakow, Poland.
Agata Mlonka-MędralaAGH University of Krakow, Al. Mickiewicza 30, 30-059, Krakow, Poland.
Anna MarszałekSilesian University of Technology, Konarskiego St. 18, 44-100, Gliwice, Poland.
Mariusz DudziakSilesian University of Technology, Konarskiego St. 18, 44-100, Gliwice, Poland.
Izabela Kalemba-RecAGH University of Krakow, Al. Mickiewicza 30, 30-059, Krakow, Poland.
Aleksandra BłoniarzAGH University of Krakow, Al. Mickiewicza 30, 30-059, Krakow, Poland.
Markus ReinmöllerUniversität Stuttgart, Pfaffenwaldring 23, 70569, Stuttgart, Germany.
Agnieszka KopiaAGH University of Krakow, Al. Mickiewicza 30, 30-059, Krakow, Poland.
Wojciech NowakAGH University of Krakow, Al. Mickiewicza 30, 30-059, Krakow, Poland.
Aneta MagdziarzAGH University of Krakow, Al. Mickiewicza 30, 30-059, Krakow, Poland. amagdzia@agh.edu.pl.

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Organic waste from the food industry can be thermochemically converted into valuable products, supporting the circular economy and reducing environmental and socio-economic impacts. This study explores the valorisation of food industry residues, such as rapeseed cake, maize cobs, and walnut shells, through slow pyrolysis at 600 °C under an inert atmosphere. The studied feedstocks were lignocellulosic materials with approximately 45% carbon content, but had different fibre contents, which subsequently affected the properties of the biochars. The highest char yield was observed for rapeseed cake (26%), followed by walnut shells (24%) and maize cobs (22%). Elemental analysis revealed that the carbon content in the biochars of maize cobs and walnut shells exceeded 80%, with a particularly significant surface area (356 m

Indexed as

CharcoalFood IndustryIndustrial WasteJuglansPyrolysisZea maysbiocharCharcoalIndustrial WasteBiochar activationFood industry wastePollutants adsorptionPorous materialsPyrolysis

Identifiers

PMID40681574
PMCPMC12274498

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.