Evidence map›Paper›PMID 40681556›Full record

ArticleScientific reports2025

Synthesis and swelling studies of modified chitosan smart hydrogels containing alkyl sulfonate anionic pendant groups as microparticles for insulin release.

Sabikeh G Azimi, F Mehdi Moosavi, Zahra Khoshbin, Neda Shakour, Sohrab Kazemi

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Scientific reports, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 2 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
2citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

2 citing papers in PubMed.

  1. Biofabrication ofPharmaceutics · 2026
    Article
  2. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

5 authors.

Sabikeh G AzimiDepartment of Chemistry, Faculty of Sciences, University of Birjand, Birjand, Iran. sabikehazimi@gmail.com.
F Mehdi MoosaviDepartment of Organic Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, University of Mazandaran, Babolsar, Iran.
Zahra KhoshbinPharmaceutical Research Center, Pharmaceutical Technology Institute, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran.
Neda ShakourDepartment of Medicinal Chemistry, School of Pharmacy, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran.
Sohrab KazemiCellular and Molecular Biology Research Center, Health Research Institute, Babol, Iran.

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

The hydrogel system effectively delivered insulin, demonstrating its potential to overcome challenges associated with conventional injectable insulin therapies. This pioneering platform leverages smart hydrogels, known for their responsiveness to environmental cues such as temperature, pH, ionic strength, and concentration. Among the fabricated hydrogels, the M5 microparticle, characterized by the lowest cross-linking agent concentration (14%) and the highest propane sultone content used during its preparation, exhibited the greatest water uptake and swelling capacity. Swelling studies confirmed that hydrogel swelling behaviour is significantly influenced by both pH and temperature. Increasing pH leads to increased swelling due to electrostatic repulsion between sulfonate groups (SO

Indexed as

AlkanesulfonatesChitosanDrug CarriersHydrogelsInsulinDrug Delivery SystemsDrug LiberationHydrogen-Ion ConcentrationMicrospheresTemperatureAlkanesulfonatesChitosanDrug CarriersHydrogelsInsulinChitosanInsulinMicroparticlesNatural polymersSmart hydrogels

Identifiers

PMID40681556
PMCPMC12274631

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY-NC-ND
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Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.