Evidence map›Paper›PMID 40681521›Full record

ArticleNature communications2025

Engineering oxygen nonbonding states in high entropy hydroxides for scalable water oxidation.

Fangqing Wang, Liu Feng, Mingwei Zhang, Hailin Cong

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Nature communications, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 9 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
9citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

9 citing papers in PubMed.

  1. Review
  2. Article
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  6. Review
  7. ZrOChemical science · 2026
    Article
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  9. Review
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

4 authors.

Fangqing WangSchool of Materials Science and Engineering, Shandong University of Technology, Zibo, PR China. wfq970111@163.com.
Liu FengAnalytical and Testing Center, Shandong University of Technology, Zibo, PR China.
Mingwei ZhangSchool of Materials Science and Engineering, Shandong University of Technology, Zibo, PR China.
Hailin CongSchool of Materials Science and Engineering, Shandong University of Technology, Zibo, PR China. conghailin@sdut.edu.cn.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0001-9044-1376

Funding

National Natural Science Foundation of China (National Science Foundation of China) 22274083Natural Science Foundation of Shandong Province (Shandong Provincial Natural Science Foundation) ZR2023LZY005
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

The lattice oxygen oxidation mechanism typically requires the removal of electrons from the metal-oxygen band, which may cause structural instability due to a decrease in the metal-oxygen bond order. To address this challenge, we introduce low-valence, non-catalytically active Na to construct oxygen non-bonding bands on high-entropy hydroxides, allowing electrons to be removed from the oxygen non-bonding band rather than the metal-oxygen bonds, thereby improving the stability of the catalyst. Na doped high-entropy layered double hydroxide (Na-HE LDH) with a low overpotential of 176 mV@10 mA cm⁻² under alkaline conditions. Furthermore, the Pt/C | |Na-HE LDH electrode pair operates continuously for 2000 h at ~500 mA cm⁻² in an anion-exchange membrane electrolyzer (30 wt% KOH, 60 °C). In-situ spectroscopic and density functional theory calculations identify that the introduction of Na facilitates the formation of oxygen non-bonding band thereby mitigating structural instability. This study offers a strategy for designing efficient and stable lattice oxygen catalysts and provides valuable insights for developing catalysts capable of withstanding the rigorous demands of industrial hydrogen production environments.

Identifiers

PMID40681521
PMCPMC12274509

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.