Evidence map›Paper›PMID 40680745›Full record

ArticleCell genomics2025

Oncogenic roles of young human de novo genes and their potential as neoantigens in cancer immunotherapy.

Chunfu Xiao, Xiaoge Liu, Peiyu Liu, Xinwei Xu, Chao Yao, Chunqiong Li, Qi Xiao, Tiannan Guo, Li Zhang, Yongjun Qian and 8 more

Abstract read
PubMed Full text at PMC Publisher
In one paragraph

Article in Cell genomics, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 2 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
2citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

2 citing papers in PubMed.

  1. Article
  2. De Novo Genes: Current Status and Future Goals.Genome biology and evolution · 2025
    Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

18 authors.

Chunfu XiaoState Key Laboratory of Gene Function and Modulation Research, Institute of Molecular Medicine, College of Future Technology, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China; Institute of Genetics and Developmental Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China.
Xiaoge LiuState Key Laboratory of Gene Function and Modulation Research, Institute of Molecular Medicine, College of Future Technology, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China; Institute of Genetics and Developmental Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China.
Peiyu LiuDepartment of Biomedical Engineering, College of Future Technology, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China.
Xinwei XuState Key Laboratory of Gene Function and Modulation Research, Institute of Molecular Medicine, College of Future Technology, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China; Institute of Genetics and Developmental Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China.
Chao YaoState Key Laboratory of Gene Function and Modulation Research, Institute of Molecular Medicine, College of Future Technology, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China; Institute of Genetics and Developmental Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China.
Chunqiong LiState Key Laboratory of Gene Function and Modulation Research, Institute of Molecular Medicine, College of Future Technology, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China; Institute of Genetics and Developmental Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China.
Qi XiaoWestlake Center for Intelligent Proteomics, Westlake Laboratory of Life Sciences and Biomedicine, Hangzhou, Zhejiang Province 310030, China; School of Medicine, School of Life Sciences, Westlake University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang Province 310030, China.
Tiannan GuoWestlake Center for Intelligent Proteomics, Westlake Laboratory of Life Sciences and Biomedicine, Hangzhou, Zhejiang Province 310030, China; School of Medicine, School of Life Sciences, Westlake University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang Province 310030, China.
Li ZhangChinese Institute for Brain Research, Beijing 102206, China.
Yongjun QianIDG/McGovern Institute for Brain Research, Peking-Tsinghua Center for Life Sciences, College of Future Technology, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China.
Chao WangDepartment of Gastrointestinal and Colorectal Surgery, China-Japan Union Hospital, Jilin University, Changchun 130033, China.
Yiting DongState Key Laboratory of Molecular Oncology, Department of Medical Oncology, National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100021, China.
Yingxuan WangKey Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Translational Research (Ministry of Education), Department of Gastrointestinal Oncology, Peking University Cancer Hospital & Institute, Beijing 100142, China.
Zhi PengState Key Laboratory of Holistic Integrative Management of Gastrointestinal Cancers, Department of Gastrointestinal Oncology, Peking University Cancer Hospital & Institute, Beijing 100142, China.
Chuanhui HanSchool of Basic Medical Sciences, Peking University Health Science Center, Beijing 100191, China.
Qiang ChengDepartment of Biomedical Engineering, College of Future Technology, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China. Electronic address: qiangcheng@pku.edu.cn.
Ni A AnInstitute of Genetics and Developmental Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China. Electronic address: annie@genetics.ac.cn.
Chuan-Yun LiInstitute of Genetics and Developmental Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China; Southwest United Graduate School, Kunming 650092, China. Electronic address: chuanyunli@genetics.ac.cn.

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Young human de novo genes, recently emerging from non-coding regions, are expected to contribute to human-specific traits and diseases. However, systematic explorations of this connection have been lacking. Here, we report 37 recently originated de novo genes in humans, with their evolution and characteristics defined within an updated genomic context. The expression of these genes is significantly upregulated and temporospatially expanded in tumors, partially associated with extrachromosomal DNA amplification. Depletion of 57.1% of these genes suppresses tumor cell proliferation, underscoring their roles in tumorigenesis. As a proof of concept, we developed mRNA vaccines expressing ELFN1-AS1 and TYMSOS-young genes specifically expressed during early development but reactivated exclusively in tumors. In humanized mice, these vaccines triggered specific T cell activation and inhibited tumor growth. The antigens derived from these genes are immunogenic and capable of eliciting antigen-specific T cell activation in colorectal cancer patients. These findings underscore young human de novo genes as neoantigens in cancer immunotherapy.

Indexed as

Antigens, NeoplasmImmunotherapyNeoplasmsOncogenesAnimalsCancer VaccinesCell Line, TumorColorectal NeoplasmsGene Expression Regulation, NeoplasticHumansLymphocyte ActivationMiceT-LymphocytesAntigens, NeoplasmCancer Vaccinesanti-tumor immunityde novo genesmRNA vaccinesneoantigens

Identifiers

PMID40680745
PMCPMC12534706

What OpenQuestion holds

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Registered trials

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.