Article in Neurology(R) neuroimmunology & neuroinflammation, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 6 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
6citing papers in PubMed, 1 pooled it
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
2 · The registry
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
3 · Its place in the literature
Who cites it
6 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it.
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
5 · Who and what money
Authors and funding
55 authors.
Chiara MilanoNeuroimmunology Program, Fundació de Recerca Clínic Barcelona-Institut d'Investigacions Biomédiques August Pi i Sunyer (FRCB-IDIBAPS), University of Barcelona, Spain.ORCID 0000-0003-2128-3751
Ezgi SaylamDepartment of Pediatrics, Division of Neurology, Nationwide Children's Hospital, Columbus, OH.ORCID 0000-0002-1708-9684
Claudia PapiNeuroimmunology Program, Fundació de Recerca Clínic Barcelona-Institut d'Investigacions Biomédiques August Pi i Sunyer (FRCB-IDIBAPS), University of Barcelona, Spain.ORCID 0000-0003-2527-473X
Laura MarmolejoNeuroimmunology Program, Fundació de Recerca Clínic Barcelona-Institut d'Investigacions Biomédiques August Pi i Sunyer (FRCB-IDIBAPS), University of Barcelona, Spain.ORCID 0000-0003-2385-5370
Alexandra SankovicDepartment of Pediatrics, Division of Neurology, Nationwide Children's Hospital, Columbus, OH.ORCID 0009-0006-8340-8600
Raphael ReineckeDivision of Neuropathology and Neurochemistry, Department of Neurology, Medical University of Vienna, Comprehensive Center for Clinical Neurosciences and Mental Health, Austria.ORCID 0000-0001-8852-7234
Jeroen KerstensDepartment of Neurology, Erasmus University Medical Center, Rotterdam, the Netherlands.ORCID 0000-0002-3185-6974
Chiara PizzanelliDepartment of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Pisa, Italy.ORCID 0000-0001-5044-8944
Mateus Mistieri SimabukuroDivision of Neurology, Hospital das Clinicas (HCFMUSP), Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de Sao Paulo, Brazil.ORCID 0000-0001-9243-3337
Marie BenaiteauReference Centre on Paraneoplastic Neurological Syndromes and Autoimmune Encephalitis, Hospices Civils de Lyon, MELIS institute UMR Inserm 1314, CNRS, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, France.ORCID 0009-0005-2347-6006
Bastien JoubertReference Centre on Paraneoplastic Neurological Syndromes and Autoimmune Encephalitis, Hospices Civils de Lyon, MELIS institute UMR Inserm 1314, CNRS, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, France.ORCID 0000-0003-4631-3056
Matteo GastaldiNeuroimmunology Research Section, IRCCS Mondino Foundation, Pavia, Italy.ORCID 0000-0003-2288-2000
Lívia Almeida DutraInstituto do Cérebro, Hospital Israelita Albert Einstein, São Paulo, Brazil.ORCID 0000-0001-6309-9077
Frank LeypoldtInstitute of Clinical Chemistry, University Hospital Schleswig-Holstein, Germany.ORCID 0000-0002-8972-515X
Mareike JansenInstitute of Clinical Chemistry, University Hospital Schleswig-Holstein, Germany.ORCID 0009-0009-4086-7569
Izumi KawachiDepartment of Neurology, Brain Research Institute, Niigata University, Chuo-ku, Japan.ORCID 0000-0002-7140-8500
Hisanao AkiyamaDepartment of Internal Medicine, Division of Neurology, St. Marianna University School of Medicine, Kawasaki, Japan.ORCID 0000-0003-4491-6064
Nikolas BoyDivision for Neuropediatrics and Metabolic Medicine, Medical Faculty of Heidelberg, Center for Child and Adolescent Medicine, Clinic 1, Heidelberg University, Germany.ORCID 0000-0001-7665-6602
Silvia BozzettiDepartment of Neurology, San Maurizio Provincial Hospital, Bolzano, Italy.ORCID 0000-0001-6056-5263
Peter Broegger ChristensenDepartment of Neurology, Aalborg University Hospital, Denmark.
Pietro BusinaroNeuroimmunology Research Section, IRCCS Mondino Foundation, Pavia, Italy.ORCID 0000-0002-5990-4640
Alessandro DinotoNeurology Unit, Department of Neurosciences, Biomedicine, and Movement Sciences, University of Verona, Italy.ORCID 0000-0002-3249-4792
Tal Friedman-KornDepartment of Neurology and Laboratory of Neuroimmunology at the Agnes-Ginges Center for Neurogenetics, Hadassah-Hebrew University Medical Center, Jerusalem, Israel.ORCID 0009-0002-3825-4391
Urara FujiwaraDepartment of Neurology, National Hospital Organization Beppu Medical Center, Japan.ORCID 0009-0008-7445-4634
Tatsuya FukumotoDepartment of Neurology, University of Tokushima Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Japan.ORCID 0000-0003-3384-6881
Kenshiro FuseDepartment of Neurology, Japanese Red Cross Aichi Medical Center Nagoya Daini Hospital, Japan.ORCID 0009-0005-2517-0828
Sam Ishmael HooshmandDepartment of Neurology, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee.ORCID 0000-0002-6682-1923
Lauren HurstDepartment of Pediatrics, Division of Neurology, Nationwide Children's Hospital, Columbus, OH.ORCID 0000-0002-3016-9419
Raffaele IorioDepartment of Neuroscience, Catholic University of the Sacred Heart, Rome, Italy.ORCID 0000-0002-6270-0956
Isabelle Korn-LubetzkiDepartment of Neurology, Shaare Zedek Medical Center, Jerusalem, Israel.ORCID 0009-0002-1553-303X
André Filipe Lucchi RodriguesDivision of Neurology, Hospital das Clinicas (HCFMUSP), Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de Sao Paulo, Brazil.ORCID 0000-0002-7857-4202
Sara MariottoNeurology Unit, Department of Neurosciences, Biomedicine, and Movement Sciences, University of Verona, Italy.ORCID 0000-0002-7806-3103
Johannes MichaelDepartment of Neurology, Clinic Donaustadt, Vienna, Austria.ORCID 0009-0000-9891-8925
Andrea O RossettiDepartment of Neurology, Lausanne University Hospital (CHUV) and University of Lausanne, Switzerland.ORCID 0000-0002-7878-172X
Sabine Rumpler-KreinerDepartment of Neurology, Clinic Oberwart, Austria.
Jonathan D SantoroDivision of Neurology, Department of Pediatrics, Children's Hospital Los Angeles, CA.ORCID 0000-0002-8350-8234
Florian SchwendingerDepartment of Neurology, LKH Feldkirch, Feldkirch, Austria.ORCID 0000-0002-9974-6296
Brenda ShenDepartment of Pediatrics, Division of Neurology, Nationwide Children's Hospital, Columbus, OH.ORCID 0009-0001-7095-7743
Steffen SyrbeDivision of Pediatric Epileptology, Medical Faculty of Heidelberg, Center for Child and Adolescent Medicine, Clinic 1, Heidelberg University, Germany.ORCID 0000-0003-2543-4844
Ingrid WagnerDepartment of Neurology, Hospital of the Brothers of St John, Eisenstadt, Austria.
Christian G BienDepartment of Epileptology, Krankenhaus Mara, Bethel Epilepsy Center, Medical School OWL, Bielefeld University, Germany.ORCID 0000-0003-2225-8654
Eugenia Martinez-HernandezNeuroimmunology Program, Fundació de Recerca Clínic Barcelona-Institut d'Investigacions Biomédiques August Pi i Sunyer (FRCB-IDIBAPS), University of Barcelona, Spain.ORCID 0000-0002-8317-7068
Thais ArmangueNeuroimmunology Program, Fundació de Recerca Clínic Barcelona-Institut d'Investigacions Biomédiques August Pi i Sunyer (FRCB-IDIBAPS), University of Barcelona, Spain.ORCID 0000-0001-6192-6171
Romana HöftbergerDivision of Neuropathology and Neurochemistry, Department of Neurology, Medical University of Vienna, Comprehensive Center for Clinical Neurosciences and Mental Health, Austria.ORCID 0000-0002-5769-1100
Takahiro IizukaDepartment of Neurology, Kitasato University School of Medicine, Sagamihara, Japan.ORCID 0000-0002-7234-0720
Maarten J TitulaerDepartment of Neurology, Erasmus University Medical Center, Rotterdam, the Netherlands.ORCID 0000-0002-1033-3840
Jerome HonnoratReference Centre on Paraneoplastic Neurological Syndromes and Autoimmune Encephalitis, Hospices Civils de Lyon, MELIS institute UMR Inserm 1314, CNRS, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, France.ORCID 0000-0002-4721-5952
Francesc GrausNeuroimmunology Program, Fundació de Recerca Clínic Barcelona-Institut d'Investigacions Biomédiques August Pi i Sunyer (FRCB-IDIBAPS), University of Barcelona, Spain.ORCID 0000-0002-8924-8322
Josep O DalmauNeuroimmunology Program, Fundació de Recerca Clínic Barcelona-Institut d'Investigacions Biomédiques August Pi i Sunyer (FRCB-IDIBAPS), University of Barcelona, Spain.ORCID 0000-0001-5856-2813
Setty MagañaDepartment of Pediatrics, Division of Neurology, Nationwide Children's Hospital, Columbus, OH.ORCID 0000-0002-2450-3206
Marianna SpatolaNeuroimmunology Program, Fundació de Recerca Clínic Barcelona-Institut d'Investigacions Biomédiques August Pi i Sunyer (FRCB-IDIBAPS), University of Barcelona, Spain.ORCID 0000-0003-2548-0429
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
6 · The paper itself
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND
objectivesAnti-alpha-amino-3-hydroxy-5-methyl-4-isoxazole-propionic acid receptor (anti-AMPAR) encephalitis manifests as limbic encephalitis in adults and is often associated with cancer. Although some reports suggest that it may occur in children, the clinical features in this population, as well as the prognostic factors and long-term outcomes in children and adults, are unknown.
methodsWe performed a retrospective, international collaborative study of patients with anti-AMPAR encephalitis. Clinical information was reviewed, together with data from published pediatric patients. Clinical features of children and adults were compared with nonparametric tests. Survival rates (Kaplan-Meier curves) were compared using log-rank tests. Prognostic factors of poor outcome (modified Rankin Scale score >2) were identified using logistic regression models.
resultsA total of 115 patients were included, of whom 84 (71 adults, 13 children) had only AMPAR antibodies and 31 (27 adults, 4 children) had additional concurrent neural antibodies. Among patients with AMPAR antibodies alone, tumors were identified in 37 adults (56%) and none of the children ( DISCUSSION: Children and adults with anti-AMPAR encephalitis show distinct clinical-radiologic features. At long-term follow-up, 68% of patients, all adults, have neurologic sequelae, with failure to respond to first-line immunotherapy being associated with worse outcomes.
Indexed as
AutoantibodiesEncephalitisLimbic EncephalitisOutcome Assessment, Health CareReceptors, AMPAAdolescentAdultAgedChildChild, PreschoolFemaleFollow-Up StudiesHumansMaleMiddle AgedPrognosisAutoantibodiesReceptors, AMPA
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.
Clinical Characterization and Long-Term Outcome in Children and Adults With Anti-AMPA Receptor Encephalitis. · full record | OpenQuestion