The Wake Forest Nonhuman Primate Radiation Late Effects Cohort.

Wake Forest University School of Medicine (WFUSM) hosts the Radiation Late Effects Cohort (RLEC), a unique cohort of previously irradiated rhesus monkeys gathered from multiple institutions over twenty years. Supported by the National Institutes of Health's National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases (NIH/NIAID) Radiation/Nuclear program, it serves as a resource for the Centers for Medical Countermeasures against Radiation Consortium (CMCRC) and the wider biomedical research community. These animals act as a national resource for examining the long-term effects of radiation exposure. Since its establishment in 2007, the RLEC has studied 328 macaques, including 270 exposed to external beam ionizing radiation and 58 controls. Results to date reveal a multisystemic pattern of chronic illness, including metabolic disease and diabetes mellitus, hypertension, higher rates of cancers, long-term immune impairment, myocardial disease, cerebrovascular disease, low body weight, gonadal injury with reduced sex steroid output, cataracts, osteopenia, renal disease, compromised intestinal barrier function, and ongoing systemic inflammation. This summary highlights the essential aspects of the RLEC, the significant achievements of researchers using this resource, and the potential for further investigation of this unique animal population and its associated resources.