Evidence map›Paper›PMID 40678638›Full record

ArticleFrontiers in public health2025

Secondhand smoke exposure and behavioral problems in Japanese schoolchildren.

Toshiki Hata, Haruhi Ishida, Hiroko Inoue, Ayako Hashimoto, Yukina Morimoto, Ikuko Nagaya, Kozue Nakamura, Toshiko Kuwano

Abstract read
PubMed Full text at PMC Publisher
In one paragraph

Article in Frontiers in public health, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
0citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

0 citing papers in PubMed.

No citing paper in PubMed yet.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

8 authors.

Toshiki Hata *Graduate School of Integrated Pharmaceutical and Nutritional Sciences, University of Shizuoka, Shizuoka, Japan.
Haruhi Ishida *Graduate School of Integrated Pharmaceutical and Nutritional Sciences, University of Shizuoka, Shizuoka, Japan.
Hiroko Inoue *Department of Nutrition and Health Sciences, Faculty of Food and Nutritional Sciences, Toyo University, Asaka, Japan.
Ayako Hashimoto *Department of Food and Nutrition, Faculty of Home Economics, Kyoto Women's University, Kyoto, Japan.
Yukina MorimotoGraduate School of Integrated Pharmaceutical and Nutritional Sciences, University of Shizuoka, Shizuoka, Japan.
Ikuko NagayaDepartment of Food and Nutrition, Gifu City Women's College, Gifu, Japan.
Kozue NakamuraGifu City Health Center, Gifu, Japan.
Toshiko KuwanoGraduate School of Integrated Pharmaceutical and Nutritional Sciences, University of Shizuoka, Shizuoka, Japan.

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Introduction: Evidence on the association between secondhand tobacco smoke exposure and behavioral problems in schoolchildren remain limited. This study examined the association between objectively measured secondhand smoke exposure and behavioral problems among Japanese schoolchildren. Methods: This study included 892 schoolchildren (444 boys, 448 girls) in Yamagata City, Gifu, Japan. Secondhand smoke exposure was assessed using urinary creatinine-corrected cotinine concentration (UC), with levels <5.0 ng/mgCr classified as low and ≥5.0 ng/mgCr as high. Behavioral problems were evaluated using the Strengths and Difficulties Questionnaire (SDQ), completed by guardians. Multivariate-adjusted odds ratios (ORs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were calculated by grade level. Results: Among participants, 10.1% ( Discussion: Secondhand smoke exposure may increase the risk of behavioral problems in Japanese schoolchildren, particularly in the upper grades. Reducing exposure, especially at home and in the community, should be prioritized to prevent behavioral and psychological problems.

Indexed as

Environmental ExposureProblem BehaviorStudentsTobacco Smoke PollutionChildCotinineEast Asian PeopleFemaleHumansJapanMaleSurveys and QuestionnairesCotinineTobacco Smoke Pollutionbehavioral problemschild mental healthJapanschoolchildrenSDQsecondhand smokeurinary cotinine

Identifiers

PMID40678638
PMCPMC12267285

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Registered trials

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.