ArticleResearch square2025
Temporal changes in pneumococcal carriage among childcare-attending children during the COVID-19 pandemic in the Greater New Haven Area, USA.
Article in Research square, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.
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Abstract
Introduction: Non-pharmaceutical interventions (NPIs), which aimed to reduce transmission of SARS-CoV-2, also reduced the circulation of other respiratory pathogens. However, it remains unclear to what extent NPIs disrupted pneumococcal colonization in childcare settings. We investigated pneumococcal colonization dynamics in childcare centers in the Greater New Haven Area (USA) with varying levels of COVID-19-related NPI recommendations. Methods: Weekly, parent-collected saliva samples were obtained from children attending 8 childcare centers during Spring 2021 (February 2021-June 2021) and Winter/Spring 2021/22 (November 2021-June 2022). Samples were culture-enriched and tested using quantitative polymerase chain (qPCR) for pneumococcus targeting Results: A total of 1,100 saliva samples were collected from 100 children aged 0.3-5.9 years (median = 3.3 years, IQR = 1.8-4.6 years). Carriage dynamics based on detection of Conclusions: We observed distinct patterns of pneumococcal carriage between Spring 2021 and Winter/Spring 2021/22 of the COVID-19 pandemic, among children attending New Haven childcare centers. The increase in carriage prevalence coincided with the relaxation of COVID-19 NPI measures during Winter/Spring 2021/22 and an increase in local cases of certain respiratory viruses.
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