Evidence map›Paper›PMID 40678215›Full record

ArticleResearch square2025

Cryo-EM structures of bacteriophage T4 portal-neck connector complexes reveal a viral genome retention mechanism involving a host component.

Lin Han, Qiyu Mao, Jingen Zhu, Xiaohui Jin, Xiaodan Wang, Zhimin Liu, Xiaorong Wu, Qianglin Fang, Andrei Fokine, Venigalla B Rao and 2 more

Abstract readPreprint
PubMed Full text at PMC Publisher
In one paragraph

Article in Research square, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
0citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

0 citing papers in PubMed.

No citing paper in PubMed yet.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

12 authors.

Lin HanShanghai Fifth People's Hospital, Shanghai Institute of Infectious Disease and Biosecurity, and Institutes of Biomedical Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China.
Qiyu MaoShanghai Fifth People's Hospital, Shanghai Institute of Infectious Disease and Biosecurity, and Institutes of Biomedical Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China.
Jingen ZhuBacteriophage T4 Medical Research Center, Department of Biology, The Catholic University of America, 620 Michigan Ave. N.E., Washington, DC 20064, USA.
Xiaohui JinShanghai Fifth People's Hospital, Shanghai Institute of Infectious Disease and Biosecurity, and Institutes of Biomedical Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China.
Xiaodan WangShanghai Fifth People's Hospital, Shanghai Institute of Infectious Disease and Biosecurity, and Institutes of Biomedical Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China.ORCID 0009-0005-3978-1355
Zhimin LiuShanghai Fifth People's Hospital, Shanghai Institute of Infectious Disease and Biosecurity, and Institutes of Biomedical Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China.
Xiaorong WuBacteriophage T4 Medical Research Center, Department of Biology, The Catholic University of America, 620 Michigan Ave. N.E., Washington, DC 20064, USA.
Qianglin FangSchool of Public Health (Shenzhen), Sun Yat-sen University, Shenzhen, Guangdong, 518107, China.ORCID 0000-0003-1844-7313
Andrei FokineDepartment of Biological Sciences, Purdue University, 240S. Martin Jischke Drive, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907-2032, USA.
Venigalla B RaoBacteriophage T4 Medical Research Center, Department of Biology, The Catholic University of America, 620 Michigan Ave. N.E., Washington, DC 20064, USA.ORCID 0000-0002-0777-6587
Zhenguo ChenShanghai Fifth People's Hospital, Shanghai Institute of Infectious Disease and Biosecurity, and Institutes of Biomedical Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China.ORCID 0000-0003-4748-9299
Lei SunShanghai Fifth People's Hospital, Shanghai Institute of Infectious Disease and Biosecurity, and Institutes of Biomedical Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China.ORCID 0000-0001-8741-0202

Funding

Engineering Bacteriophage T4 as a Targeted Gene Therapy Drug for in vivo HIV CureDP1DA060580 · NIDA · CATHOLIC UNIVERSITY OF AMERICA · PI Venigalla B. Rao · 2024 to 2026
$3.0M
Structural Mechanisms Of Genome Flow In Bacteriophage T4 And Their Biomedical ApplicationsR01AI175340 · NIAID · CATHOLIC UNIVERSITY OF AMERICA · PI Venigalla B. Rao · 2023 to 2026
$1.9M
NIAID NIH HHS R01 AI175340NIDA NIH HHS DP1 DA060580
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Bacteriophage T4 is a model for tailed viruses, the most abundant biological entities on Earth. During virion assembly, the DNA genome is tightly packed inside the head, which then attaches to tail via a portal-neck connector. Keeping this pressurized head leak-proof during these transactions is a challenge because even a few basepairs leakage could disrupt assembly, but the mechanisms are not understood. Here, we solved the structures of

Indexed as

Bacteriophage T4E. coli Hfqgenome-gategenome retentionneck assemblysealing packaged head

Identifiers

PMID40678215
PMCPMC12270204

What OpenQuestion holds

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Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.