ArticleBrain & spine2025
Effect of orbitotomy on surgical freedom in Endoscopic Transorbital Approach (ETOA) to the skull base: An anatomical study.
Article in Brain & spine, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 3 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
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Who cites it
3 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it.
- Safety profile and surgical outcomes of the endoscopic transorbital approach as a skull base surgical corridor: a systematic review and meta-analysis.Neurosurgical review · 2026Pooled it
- Geometric plane alignment as a methodological requirement for accurate angular measurement in three-dimensional craniofacial imaging.BMC oral health · 2026Article
- Endoscopic transorbital approach to managing indirect carotid cavernous fistula: A novel technique.Surgical neurology international · 2025Article
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Authors and funding
7 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Introduction: To investigate the angle of attacks and surgical freedom in different extents of orbitotomy for Endoscopic Transorbital Approach to the skull base. Background: Endoscopic Transorbital Approach is gaining popularity among skull base surgeons over the last decade.The surgery can be performed with or without orbitotomy to increase surgical freedom for deeply seated intracranial lesion. Study design: This is an anatomical and radiological study in which DICOM data of CT Brain is retrieved and analyzed for 4 types of orbitotomies (Group 1: supraorbital rim with lateral orbital rim resection; Group 2: limited supraorbital rim with lateral orbital rim resection; Group 3: lateral orbital rim resection; Group 4: No orbitotomy) on both sides of 19 patients. Angle of attacks and surgical freedom were calculated with reference to three dimensional coordinates of 4 target points (1. Foramen ovale; 2. Foramen rotundum; 3. End of lacerum segment of internal carotid artery; 4. Internal acoustic meatus) and compared. Results: There is a statistically significant increase in surgical freedom, horizontal and vertical angle (p < 0.001) in Group 1 to 3 compared to Group 4 (No orbitotomy). With greater extent of orbitotomy, there is a larger increase in surgical freedom. Conclusion: Removal of lateral orbital rim is useful to increase the angle of attack to skull base lesions whereas the area of orbitotomy is the main determinant of surgical freedom in ETOA. Lateral orbital rim removal should be considered when ETOA is used for deep seated skull base pathologies.
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