ArticleFrontiers in immunology2025
Serum GDF15 level as predictive biomarker of clinical outcome in patients with unresectable hepatocellular carcinoma treated with hepatic arterial infusion chemotherapy.
Article in Frontiers in immunology, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 3 papers.
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Who cites it
3 citing papers in PubMed.
- Research progress on the biological function and molecular mechanism of GDF-15 in solid malignant tumors.World journal of surgical oncology · 2026Review
- Growth differentiation factor 15: from stress response to clinical utility in chronic liver diseases.Journal of gastroenterology · 2026Review
- Dynamics of NK cell subsets following autologous hematopoietic stem cell transplantation in adult oncologic patients.Frontiers in immunology · 2025Article
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5 authors.
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Abstract
Background: Hepatic arterial infusion chemotherapy (HAIC) using the FOLFOX regimen has been explored for unresectable hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) patients, yet predictive biomarkers are lacking. This study aimed to evaluate the potential of serum growth differentiation factor 15 (GDF15) as a biomarker for predicting therapeutic response and survival outcomes in HCC patients undergoing FOLFOX-HAIC. Methods: Pretreatment serum samples were collected from patients with unresectable HCC who received FOLFOX-HAIC between October 2016 and January 2019. GDF15 levels were measured using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). Associations between serum GDF15 levels and treatment response, overall survival (OS), progression-free survival (PFS), and clinical characteristics were analyzed. Results: A total of 150 patients were included in the study. The mean GDF15 level was 7.16 ng/mL (mean ± SEM: 7.16 ± 0.72; range: 0.39-53.55 ng/mL). High serum GDF15 levels were significantly associated with poorer treatment response, shorter OS (median: 21.1 vs 40.33 months, Conclusion: Serum GDF15 represents a potential prognostic biomarker in patients with unresectable HCC undergoing FOLFOX-HAIC treatment and may help guide treatment stratification.
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