ArticleBiomedical optics express2025
Two-photon microscopy using picosecond pulses from four-wave mixing in a Yb-doped photonic crystal fiber.
Article in Biomedical optics express, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.
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Abstract
Two-photon microscopy (TPM) enables deep tissue imaging but requires excitation pulses that have a large product of average and peak power, typically supplied by femtosecond solid-state lasers. However, these lasers are bulky, and femtosecond pulses require careful dispersion management to avoid pulse broadening, particularly when delivery fibers are used. Here we present a compact, fiber-based picosecond laser source operating at 790 nm for TPM using an ytterbium-doped photonic crystal fiber (Yb-doped PCF). The Yb-doped PCF simultaneously amplifies 1064 nm input pulses and efficiently converts them to 790 nm via four-wave mixing, generating pulses with a peak power of up to ∼3.8 kW. The source has a variable repetition rate (1.48 MHz-14.78 MHz), enabling the two-photon excitation fluorescence signal to be maximized in the presence of excitation saturation. We benchmark our picosecond laser source against a femtosecond Ti:Sapphire laser for TPM of stained
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