ArticleKidney international reports2025
A Novel Perspective on Tubular C4d Positivity in BK Polyomavirus Nephropathy.
Article in Kidney international reports, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 2 papers.
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Who cites it
2 citing papers in PubMed.
- Updates in the Diagnosis and Treatment of BK Viraemia in Kidney Transplant Recipients: Current and Future Insights.Journal of clinical medicine · 2025Review
- Complement Activation in BK Polyoma Virus Nephropathy: What's the Story?Kidney international reports · 2025Article
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Authors and funding
13 authors.
Funding
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Abstract
Introduction: Tubular basement membrane (TBM) C4d staining has been frequently observed in BK polyomavirus nephropathy (BKPyVN); however, its specificity and clinical implications remain unclear. Methods: Biopsy data from 272 patients with BK viruria, including 4 native BKPyVN, 150 allograft BKPyVN, and 118 non-BKPyVN were reviewed. C4d was assessed using immunohistochemistry (IHC) and compared with frozen tissue to evaluate its correlation with clinicopathological features. Immunofluorescence (IF) for Ig and complement components and electron microscopy were performed to assess complement activation. Results: TBM C4d staining was conducted in formalin-fixed paraffin-embedded (FFPE) slides for its superiority over frozen tissue and C4d positivity was detected in all 4 native and 121 kidney transplant recipients (KTRs) (81%) with BKPyVN, significantly higher than the 16 KTRs (14%) without BKPyVN ( Conclusion: TBM C4d positivity is a valuable marker of complement activation in BKPyVN, strongly correlating with the severity of kidney damage and serving as an independent risk factor for graft loss.
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