Evidence map›Paper›PMID 40676257›Full record

ArticlePediatric surgery international2025

Exosomes derived from colostrum and mature human breast milk protect against experimental necrotizing enterocolitis.

Runnan Gao, Yingying Huang, Bo Li, Rong Zhang, Carol Lee, Mashriq Alganabi, Masaya Yamoto, Xueni Peng, Weijing He, Yun Cao and 3 more

Abstract read
PubMed Publisher
In one paragraph

Article in Pediatric surgery international, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 2 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
2citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

2 citing papers in PubMed.

  1. Review
  2. Review
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

13 authors.

Runnan Gao *Department of Pediatric Surgery, Children's Hospital of Fudan University, Shanghai, China.
Yingying Huang *Department of Pediatric Surgery, Children's Hospital of Fudan University, Shanghai, China.
Bo LiDivision of General and Thoracic Surgery, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, ON, Canada.
Rong ZhangDepartment of Neonatology, Children's Hospital of Fudan University, Shanghai, China.
Carol LeeDivision of General and Thoracic Surgery, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, ON, Canada.
Mashriq AlganabiDivision of General and Thoracic Surgery, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, ON, Canada.
Masaya YamotoDivision of General and Thoracic Surgery, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, ON, Canada.
Xueni PengDepartment of Pediatric Surgery, Children's Hospital of Fudan University, Shanghai, China.
Weijing HeDepartment of Pediatric Surgery, Children's Hospital of Fudan University, Shanghai, China.
Yun CaoDepartment of Neonatology, Children's Hospital of Fudan University, Shanghai, China.
Agostino PierroDivision of General and Thoracic Surgery, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, ON, Canada.
Chun ShenDepartment of Pediatric Surgery, Children's Hospital of Fudan University, Shanghai, China.
Haitao ZhuClinical Research Unit, Children's Hospital of Fudan University, Shanghai, China. haitao_zhu@fudan.edu.cn.

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

objectiveHuman milk-derived exosomes can protect intestinal organoids from lipopolysaccharide induced injury. The aim of this study is to investigate effects of exosomes derived from different periods of lactation on intestinal injury caused by experimental necrotizing enterocolitis (NEC).

methodsColostrum and mature milk from healthy lactating human mothers were collected and isolated exosomes using serial ultracentrifugation and filtration. NEC was induced in mice pups by hypoxia, gavage of feeding of formula, and lipopolysaccharide (LPS) administration between postnatal days 5 and 9. Breast-fed pups were used as controls. NEC groups received daily gavage feeding of formula with added phosphate-buffered saline (PBS), colostrum exosomes or mature breast milk exosomes. The distal ileum was examined for NEC histology, inflammatory cytokines, and intestinal regeneration abilities.

resultsCompared to NEC group, administration of colostrum and mature milk exosomes in NEC mice resulted in a significant reduction in histological scores of intestinal tissues and decreased expression of inflammatory genes IL-6 and TNF-α. Furthermore, the expression of PCNA, as well as stem cell markers (Lgr5 and Olfm4), increased following exosome treatment, with a corresponding rise in the immunofluorescence staining of Ki67. Compared to mature breast milk exosomes, colostrum exosomes were more effective at enhancing enterocyte proliferation and intestinal regeneration.

conclusionsHuman milk-derived exosome treatment decreases the severity of experimental NEC. Colostrum exosomes induce greater intestinal regeneration compared to mature breast milk exosomes.

Indexed as

ColostrumEnterocolitis, NecrotizingExosomesMilk, HumanAnimalsAnimals, NewbornDisease Models, AnimalFemaleHumansMiceMice, Inbred C57BLExosomesExperimental NECHuman milkNecrotizing enterocolitis (NEC)

Identifiers

PMID40676257

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.