Evidence map›Paper›PMID 40673915›Full record

ArticlePediatric surgery international2025

Predictors of ventilator-associated pneumonia in intubated pediatric trauma patients.

Fnu Avinash, Jeffry Nahmias, Negaar Aryan, James Jeng, Cristobal Barrios, Peter D Nguyen, Areg Grigorian

Abstract read
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In one paragraph

Article in Pediatric surgery international, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.

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0citing papers in PubMed
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1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

0 citing papers in PubMed.

No citing paper in PubMed yet.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

7 authors.

Fnu AvinashDepartment of Surgery, Division of Division of Trauma, Burns and Surgical Critical Care, University of California, Irvine Medical Center, 3800 Chapman Ave, Suite 6200, Orange, Irvine, CA, 92868-3298, USA.
Jeffry NahmiasDepartment of Surgery, Division of Division of Trauma, Burns and Surgical Critical Care, University of California, Irvine Medical Center, 3800 Chapman Ave, Suite 6200, Orange, Irvine, CA, 92868-3298, USA.
Negaar AryanDepartment of Surgery, Division of Division of Trauma, Burns and Surgical Critical Care, University of California, Irvine Medical Center, 3800 Chapman Ave, Suite 6200, Orange, Irvine, CA, 92868-3298, USA.
James JengDepartment of Surgery, Division of Division of Trauma, Burns and Surgical Critical Care, University of California, Irvine Medical Center, 3800 Chapman Ave, Suite 6200, Orange, Irvine, CA, 92868-3298, USA.
Cristobal BarriosDepartment of Surgery, Division of Division of Trauma, Burns and Surgical Critical Care, University of California, Irvine Medical Center, 3800 Chapman Ave, Suite 6200, Orange, Irvine, CA, 92868-3298, USA.
Peter D NguyenDepartment of Surgery, Division of Division of Trauma, Burns and Surgical Critical Care, University of California, Irvine Medical Center, 3800 Chapman Ave, Suite 6200, Orange, Irvine, CA, 92868-3298, USA.
Areg GrigorianDepartment of Surgery, Division of Division of Trauma, Burns and Surgical Critical Care, University of California, Irvine Medical Center, 3800 Chapman Ave, Suite 6200, Orange, Irvine, CA, 92868-3298, USA. agrigori@hs.uci.edu.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0998-796X

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

purposeVentilator-associated pneumonia (VAP) is the most common complication among intubated pediatric trauma patients (PTPs) in pediatric intensive care units. Early identification of associated risk factors may help mitigate adverse outcomes linked to VAP, such as increased mortality and healthcare costs. This study aims to identify risk factors associated with VAP for intubated PTPs.

methodsThe 2017-2021 Trauma Quality Improvement Program database was queried for all intubated PTPs. Two groups were compared: intubated PTPs with and without VAP. Bivariate and multivariable logistic regression analyses were performed.

resultsFrom 38,593 intubated PTPs, 819 (2.1%) developed VAP. The VAP cohort had a higher injury severity score with increased rates of traumatic brain injury (TBI) (75.3% vs. 55.4%, p < 0.001), rib fractures (24.0% vs. 16.4%, p < 0.001), and lung injuries (20.8% vs. 10.6%, p < 0.001). Independent associated risk factors for VAP included unplanned reintubation (OR 2.51, CI 1.84-3.43, p < 0.001), TBI (OR 1.96, CI 1.63-2.36, p < 0.001), and severe thoracic injury (OR 1.27, CI 1.01-1.58, p < 0.001).

conclusionUnplanned reintubation, TBI, and severe thoracic injuries are key risk factors for VAP in intubated PTPs. Our findings highlight the need for strategies to reduce reintubation, optimize ventilator management, and improve pulmonary care in high-risk PTPs. LEVEL OF EVIDENCE: IV.

Indexed as

Intubation, IntratrachealPneumonia, Ventilator-AssociatedWounds and InjuriesAdolescentChildChild, PreschoolDatabases, FactualFemaleHumansInfantInjury Severity ScoreIntensive Care Units, PediatricMaleRetrospective StudiesRisk FactorsPediatric intensive carePediatric traumaPulmonary complicationVAPVentilator-associated pneumonia

Identifiers

PMID40673915
PMCPMC12271297

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.