Trial reportInternational journal of gynaecology and obstetrics: the official organ of the International Federation of Gynaecology and Obstetrics2026
Posterior arm delivery versus the shoulder shrug maneuver in shoulder dystocia management: A simulation-based comparative study.
Trial report in International journal of gynaecology and obstetrics: the official organ of the International Federation of Gynaecology and Obstetrics, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 1 paper.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
1 citing paper in PubMed.
- Posterior arm delivery versus the shoulder shrug maneuver in shoulder dystocia management: A simulation-based comparative study.International journal of gynaecology and obstetrics: the official organ of the International Federation of Gynaecology and Obstetrics · 2026Trial
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
9 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
objectiveTo compare posterior arm delivery and the shoulder shrug maneuver in shoulder dystocia.
methodsA prospective, randomized, simulation-based experimental study was conducted with six physicians managing 96 simulated shoulder dystocia cases. Participants included three obstetricians with more than 15 years of experience and three trainees. Variables collected included perineal pressure, maneuver time, simulated humeral fractures, first-attempt success, and perceived difficulty.
resultsPosterior arm delivery exerted significantly less maximum perineal pressure than the shoulder shrug maneuver (median 12.5 mm Hg, interquartile range (IQR) 7.0-22.5 mm Hg versus median 22.0, IQR 13.0-37.0 mm Hg; P = 0.002). Obstetricians with greater experience applied less perineal pressure and performed maneuvers faster compared with trainees. Two simulated humeral fractures occurred, one with each maneuver, both involving trainees. No significant differences were observed regarding hand dominance or hand size.
conclusionPosterior arm delivery showed lower perineal pressure compared with the shoulder shrug maneuver, suggesting reduced maternal and neonatal risk. Clinical experience positively influenced outcomes, supporting recommendations for experienced obstetricians to lead shoulder dystocia management. Posterior arm delivery is recommended as the first-choice internal maneuver when addressing the posterior shoulder in shoulder dystocia cases.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.