Evidence map›Paper›PMID 40672703›Full record

ReviewFrontiers in allergy2025

The advance on pathophysiological mechanisms of type 2 chronic rhinosinusitis with nasal polyposis.

Cheng Yang, Ling Guo, Yuhan Wang, Wenjing Jiang, Sijia Chen, Qingjia Gu

Erratum issuedAbstract readReview
PubMed Full text at PMC Publisher
In one paragraph

Review in Frontiers in allergy, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. An erratum has been issued. Cited by 12 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
12citing papers in PubMed, 1 pooled it
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

12 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it.

  1. Pooled it
  2. Comparison of two classification systems for tissue eosinophilia in patients with chronic rhinosinusitis with nasal polyps.European archives of oto-rhino-laryngology : official journal of the European Federation of Oto-Rhino-Laryngological Societies (EUFOS) : affiliated with the German Society for Oto-Rhino-Laryngology - Head and Neck Surgery · 2026
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4 · The record

Corrections and comments

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

6 authors.

Cheng YangDepartment of Otolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, Sichuan Provincial People's Hospital, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, China.
Ling GuoDepartment of Otolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, Sichuan Provincial People's Hospital, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, China.
Yuhan WangDepartment of Otolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, Sichuan Provincial People's Hospital, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, China.
Wenjing JiangDepartment of Otolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, Sichuan Provincial People's Hospital, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, China.
Sijia ChenDepartment of Otolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, Sichuan Provincial People's Hospital, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China.
Qingjia GuDepartment of Otolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, Sichuan Provincial People's Hospital, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, China.

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Purpose: This review aims to explore the pathophysiological mechanisms and emerging therapies for type 2 chronic rhinosinusitis with nasal polyps (CRSwNP), driven primarily by type 2 inflammation. Search methods: A comprehensive search of relevant literature was performed in databases including PubMed, Web of Science, and Scopus, using keywords such as "chronic rhinosinusitis with nasal polyps," "type 2 inflammation," "Th2 cells," "ILC2s," "epithelial barrier dysfunction," and "biologics". The search was limited to articles published from January 2010 to February 2025. Search results: A total of 200 articles were initially retrieved. After screening based on relevance and quality, 163 articles were selected for this review. These included 109 basic research papers, 30 clinical studies, and 24 review articles. Conclusions: Type 2 CRSwNP pathogenesis involves Th2/ILC2-IL-4/IL-13 synergy, driving eosinophilic inflammation and tissue remodeling via a self-amplifying loop. Programmed cell death protein 1 and programmed death-ligand 1 dysregulation intensifies Th2 responses. Epithelial barrier defects (via disrupted junctions and ciliary defects) and epithelial-mesenchymal transition facilitate pathogen invasion and stromal changes. M2 macrophages amplify inflammation via CCL-24 and

Indexed as

biologicschronic rhinosinusitis with nasal polyposis (CRSwNP)epithelial barrier dysfunctiontype 2 innate lymphoid cells (ILC2s)type 2 T helper cells (Th2)

Identifiers

PMID40672703
PMCPMC12263562

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Registered trials

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.