ArticlemedRxiv : the preprint server for health sciences2025
SEX DIFFERENCES IN PHARMACOLOGIC OPTIMAL MEDICAL THERAPY FOR ISCHEMIC HEART DISEASE, 2010-2020: AN OBSERVATIONAL STUDY.
Article in medRxiv : the preprint server for health sciences, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
0 citing papers in PubMed.
No citing paper in PubMed yet.
Corrections and comments
- Updated by
Authors and funding
6 authors.
Funding
Abstract
Background: Despite guideline recommendations for optimal medical therapy (OMT) in the secondary prevention of ischemic heart disease (IHD)-including antiplatelets, statins, renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system inhibitors (RAASi), and β-blockers-substantial sex disparities in OMT utilization persist. The extent to which national efforts have mitigated these disparities in contemporary cohorts remains unclear. Methods: We analyzed data from the 2011-2020 National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) cycles, identifying adults with self-reported IHD (defined as a history of myocardial infarction or coronary heart disease). OMT use in the preceding 30 days was assessed based on participant report and verified through medication containers when available. We evaluated trends in individual drug classes and common combinations, stratified by sex. Results: Among 1,905 adults (mean age 65.4 years; 40.6% women), women had significantly lower rates of OMT use compared to men, including antiplatelets (68.0% vs 77.7%), statins (57.2% vs 73.9%), RAASi (45.6% vs 59.0%), and β-blockers (51.2% vs 61.1%). Women were also less likely to use guideline-recommended combinations such as aspirin plus statins (47.4% vs 64.1%) and all four OMT classes (17.5% vs 32.5%). After adjustment for sociodemographic and clinical factors, women remained less likely to use antiplatelets (OR 0.71; 95% CI, 0.52-0.94), statins (OR 0.62; 95% CI, 0.40-0.96), and RAASi (OR 0.56; 95% CI, 0.38-0.84), while β-blocker use did not differ significantly. These sex-based disparities were consistent across all survey cycles from 2011 to 2020. Conclusion: In this nationally representative study, women with IHD were significantly less likely than men to receive guideline-directed OMT, with persistent disparities over the past decade. These findings underscore the need for targeted strategies to close the sex gap in cardiovascular prevention.
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.