Evidence map›Paper›PMID 40672363›Full record

ArticleFrontiers in pharmacology2025

Herbal formulations, Product Nkabinde and

Khanyisile Mngomezulu, Paradise Madlala, Siphathimandla Authority Nkabinde, Magugu Nkabinde, Mlungisi Ngcobo, Nceba Gqaleni

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Frontiers in pharmacology, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 5 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
5citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

5 citing papers in PubMed.

  1. Article
  2. Article
  3. Article
  4. Traditional Medicine Extracts ofInternational journal of molecular sciences · 2026
    Article
  5. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

6 authors.

Khanyisile MngomezuluTraditional Medicine Laboratory, School of Nursing and Public Health, Howard College, University of KwaZulu-Natal, Durban, South Africa.
Paradise MadlalaHIV Pathogenesis Programme, University of KwaZulu-Natal, Durban, South Africa.
Siphathimandla Authority NkabindeUngangezulu, Dundee, South Africa.
Magugu NkabindeUngangezulu, Dundee, South Africa.
Mlungisi NgcoboTraditional Medicine Laboratory, School of Nursing and Public Health, Howard College, University of KwaZulu-Natal, Durban, South Africa.
Nceba GqaleniTraditional Medicine Laboratory, School of Nursing and Public Health, Howard College, University of KwaZulu-Natal, Durban, South Africa.

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Background: While antiretroviral therapy (ART) has transformed HIV-1 into a manageable chronic illness, its long-term affordability and accessibility remain major challenges in resource-limited settings. Additionally, adverse side effects can compromise treatment adherence and effectiveness. These limitations highlight the need for novel, affordable therapeutic alternatives. In this study, we evaluated the anti-HIV-1 activity of Product Nkabinde (PN), a traditional herbal formulation comprising four plant extracts, and Methods: HIV-1 subtype B and subtype C viral stocks were produced by transfecting HEK293T cells with envelope plasmids and an Results: The PN extract exhibited a dose-dependent antiviral effect, with the optimal concentration achieving 93% and 96% inhibition of HIV-1 subtype B and C, respectively, in TZM-bl cells, comparable to AZT. In HIV-1 infected PBMCs, treatment with AZT, PN, or Conclusion: Thus, this current data suggests that PN and

Indexed as

African traditional medicineanti-HIV-1 activityHIV-1PBMCsTZM-bl cell line

Identifiers

PMID40672363
PMCPMC12264436

What OpenQuestion holds

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LicenceCC BY
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Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.