Observational studyNutrition journal2025
Amino acid intake, plasma metabolites, and incident type 2 diabetes risk: a systematic approach in prospective cohort studies.
Observational study in Nutrition journal, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 4 papers.
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Who cites it
4 citing papers in PubMed.
- Macronutrient mixtures and interactions in health and disease.Nature reviews. Endocrinology · 2026Review
- Identifying serum amino acid as biomarkers of gestational diabetes mellitus in second-trimester among Chinese pregnant women: a machine learning-based cross-sectional study.Reproductive health · 2026Article
- Article
- Branched-Chain Amino Acid Intake and Risk of Incident Type 2 Diabetes: Results from the SUN Cohort.Biomedicines · 2025Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
10 authors.
Funding
Abstract
backgroundAmino acid (AA) intake is thought to be closely related to the etiology of type 2 diabetes (T2D), although few prospective human studies have examined the association. The study prospectively examined inter-relationships among the intake of all 20 AAs, blood metabolome, and T2D incidence.
methodsProspective associations between 20 individual AA intake and T2D were examined among 201,113 participants from the Health Professionals Follow-up Study (HPFS), Nurses' Health Study (NHS), and NHSII who did not have T2D, cardiovascular disease, or cancer at baseline. Next, a multi-metabolite signature responsive to AA intake was derived through two sets of 7-day diet record (7DDR) assessments, and subsequently replicated in multiple cohorts. Finally, Cox regression models were used to determine and confirm the prospective associations of AA intake, plasma metabolite signatures, with T2D incidence.
resultsDuring 5,037,848 person-years of follow-up, 20,619 T2D cases were documented. Sulfur AAs (SAAs) and aromatic amino acids were significantly associated with higher T2D risk independent of other AAs. Comparing the highest with lowest quintiles of intake, the multivariable adjusted pooled hazard ratios (HRs) for T2D were 1.20 (95% CI: 1.13-1.27) for total SAA (P
conclusionsThis study provides novel evidence that higher intake of sulfur and aromatic AAs is independently associated with an increased risk of T2D. Multiple plasma metabolites are responsive to these dietary AAs, potentially serving as objective markers for AA intake. Collectively, the metabolite signatures significantly predict a higher T2D risk, and mediate the positive associations to various degrees, corroborating findings from long-term dietary assessments.
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