Evidence map›Paper›PMID 40670423›Full record

ArticleScientific reports2025

Cross-sectional study of health impairment related to post COVID-19 condition among participants of a large population-based cohort in Germany.

Sophie Diexer, Jonas Frost, Peter Ahnert, Till W Baernighausen, Hermann Brenner, Julia Fricke, Sabine Gabrysch, Karin Halina Greiser, Volker Harth, Jana-Kristin Heise and 25 more

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Scientific reports, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 2 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
2citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

2 citing papers in PubMed.

  1. Review
  2. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

35 authors.

Sophie DiexerInstitute for Medical Epidemiology, Biometrics and Informatics, Interdisciplinary Centre for Health Sciences, Medical Faculty of the Martin Luther University Halle-Wittenberg, Magdeburger Str. 8, 06112, Halle (Saale), Germany.
Jonas FrostInstitute for Medical Epidemiology, Biometrics and Informatics, Interdisciplinary Centre for Health Sciences, Medical Faculty of the Martin Luther University Halle-Wittenberg, Magdeburger Str. 8, 06112, Halle (Saale), Germany.
Peter AhnertInstitute for Medical Informatics, Statistics and Epidemiology, Universität Leipzig, Leipzig, Germany.
Till W BaernighausenHeidelberg Institute of Global Health (HIGH), Medical Faculty and University Hospital, Heidelberg University, Heidelberg, Germany.
Hermann BrennerDivision of Clinical Epidemiology and Aging Research, German Cancer Research Centre (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany.
Julia FrickeInstitute of Social Medicine, Epidemiology and Health Economics, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany.
Sabine GabryschHeidelberg Institute of Global Health (HIGH), Medical Faculty and University Hospital, Heidelberg University, Heidelberg, Germany.
Karin Halina GreiserDivision of Cancer Epidemiology, DKFZ Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany.
Volker HarthInstitute for Occupational and Maritime Medicine Hamburg (ZfAM), University Medical Centre Hamburg-Eppendorf (UKE), Hamburg, Germany.
Jana-Kristin HeiseDepartment for Epidemiology, Helmholtz Centre for Infection Research, Brunswick, Germany.
Rudolf KaaksDivision of Cancer Epidemiology, DKFZ Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany.
André KarchInstitute of Epidemiology and Social Medicine, University of Münster, Münster, Germany.
Thomas KeilInstitute of Social Medicine, Epidemiology and Health Economics, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany.
Bianca KleeInstitute for Medical Epidemiology, Biometrics and Informatics, Interdisciplinary Centre for Health Sciences, Medical Faculty of the Martin Luther University Halle-Wittenberg, Magdeburger Str. 8, 06112, Halle (Saale), Germany.
Carolina J Klett-TammenDepartment for Epidemiology, Helmholtz Centre for Infection Research, Brunswick, Germany.
Lilian KristInstitute of Social Medicine, Epidemiology and Health Economics, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany.
Benedikt M J LamplRegensburg Department of Public Health, Regensburg, Germany.
Michael F LeitzmannInstitute of Epidemiology and Preventive Medicine, University of Regensburg, Regensburg, Germany.
Wolfgang LiebInstitute of Epidemiology, Kiel University, Kiel, Germany.
Claudia Meinke-FranzeInstitute for Community Medicine, University Medicine Greifswald, Greifswald, Germany.
Karin B MichelsInstitute for Prevention and Cancer Epidemiology, Faculty of Medicine, Albert- Ludwigs-University Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany.
Ilais Moreno VelásquezMolecular Epidemiology Research Group, Max-Delbrueck-Center for Molecular Medicine in the Helmholtz Association (MDC), Berlin, Germany.
Nadia ObiInstitute for Occupational and Maritime Medicine Hamburg (ZfAM), University Medical Centre Hamburg-Eppendorf (UKE), Hamburg, Germany.
Annette PetersInstitute of Epidemiology, Helmholtz Zentrum München - German Research Centre for Environmental Health (GmbH), Neuherberg, Germany.
Laura R PfrommerInstitute for Medical Epidemiology, Biometrics and Informatics, Interdisciplinary Centre for Health Sciences, Medical Faculty of the Martin Luther University Halle-Wittenberg, Magdeburger Str. 8, 06112, Halle (Saale), Germany.
Tobias PischonMolecular Epidemiology Research Group, Max-Delbrueck-Center for Molecular Medicine in the Helmholtz Association (MDC), Berlin, Germany.
Oliver PurschkeInstitute for Medical Epidemiology, Biometrics and Informatics, Interdisciplinary Centre for Health Sciences, Medical Faculty of the Martin Luther University Halle-Wittenberg, Magdeburger Str. 8, 06112, Halle (Saale), Germany.
Nicole RübsamenInstitute of Epidemiology and Social Medicine, University of Münster, Münster, Germany.
Tamara SchikowskiIUF-Leibniz Research Institute for Environmental Medicine, Düsseldorf, Germany.
Börge SchmidtInstitute for Medical Informatics, Biometry and Epidemiology, University of Duisburg-Essen, Essen, Germany.
Sigrid ThierryInstitute of Epidemiology, Helmholtz Zentrum München - German Research Centre for Environmental Health (GmbH), Neuherberg, Germany.
Henry VölzkeInstitute for Community Medicine, University Medicine Greifswald, Greifswald, Germany.
Marvin N WrightLeibniz Institute for Prevention Research and Epidemiology - BIPS, Bremen, Germany.
Hajo ZeebLeibniz Institute for Prevention Research and Epidemiology - BIPS, Bremen, Germany.
Rafael MikolajczykInstitute for Medical Epidemiology, Biometrics and Informatics, Interdisciplinary Centre for Health Sciences, Medical Faculty of the Martin Luther University Halle-Wittenberg, Magdeburger Str. 8, 06112, Halle (Saale), Germany. rafael.mikolajczyk@uk-halle.de.

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Post COVID-19 condition (PCC) is a substantial burden for patients, society, and the healthcare system. Participants of the German National Cohort (NAKO) were asked in an online survey about their self-perceived health, symptoms related to PCC, and infection status. PCC was defined as reporting symptoms for the time window 4-12 months after infection. Of 110,375 respondents (73% response), 86,833 were included in this analysis. Of these, 44,451 (51%) did not report a SARS-CoV-2 infection (no infection), 26,726 (31%) reported an infection but no symptoms 4-12 months after infection (infection/no PCC), and 15,656 (18%) reported an infection and symptoms (PCC). The median number of current symptoms at the time of the survey was two for the "no infection" and the "infection/no PCC" group, and five for the "PCC" group. Participants with PCC had a substantially higher probability of having worse self-perceived health (OR 1.84, 95% CI [1.75; 1.93] compared to the "no infection" group, adjusting for sex, age, education and chronic diseases with elevated risk for developing PCC. After adjusting for the number of current symptoms related to PCC, this difference disappeared, suggesting that the symptoms collected explain the impairment of self-perceived health in the PCC group.

Indexed as

COVID-19AdultAgedCohort StudiesCross-Sectional StudiesFemaleGermanyHealth StatusHumansMaleMiddle AgedPost-Acute COVID-19 SyndromeSARS-CoV-2Surveys and Questionnaires

Identifiers

PMID40670423
PMCPMC12267414

What OpenQuestion holds

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Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.