ArticleBMJ open2025
Cardiovascular disease risk and its determinants among hypertensive patients in Eastern Ethiopia: an institution-based cross-sectional study.
Article in BMJ open, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 2 papers.
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Who cites it
2 citing papers in PubMed.
- Systematic review and meta-analysis of cardiovascular disease risk among hypertensive patients in Africa.International journal of cardiology. Cardiovascular risk and prevention · 2026Review
- Cardiovascular disease risk and associated factors among people with hypertension in the West Bank, Palestine.Frontiers in cardiovascular medicine · 2026Article
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10 authors.
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Abstract
objectivesThis study aims to assess the level of cardiovascular disease (CVD) risk and its associated determinants among hypertensive patients in Jigjiga, Somali Region, Ethiopia using the WHO 10-year CVD risk score.
designAn institution-based cross-sectional study design was employed.
settingHypertensive patients aged 40-74 years in two public hospitals in Jigjiga, Somali Region, Ethiopia, from 20 December 2023 to 20 February 2024.
participantsRandomly selected 344 hypertensive patients aged 40-74 years with a duration of 1 year or more from the time of diagnosis and at least having 6-month follow-up. PRIMARY OUTCOME MEASURES: 10-year CVD risk level was assessed by using WHO 10-year CVD risk score. Risk levels were categorised as low (<10%) and high (≥10%). SECONDARY OUTCOME MEASURES: Associated factors influencing CVD risk.
resultsThe study included 341 hypertensive individuals, with a 99.1% response rate. Of the respondents, 58.9% were men. The overall prevalence of CVD risk within the coming 10 years was 134 (39.3%; 95% CI: 34.1% to 44.5%). Multivariable logistic regression analysis identified age, khat chewing, smoking and comorbid conditions as significant independent predictors of CVD risk. Specifically, individuals aged 60-69 years had an adjusted OR (AOR) of 3.97 (95% CI: 1.94 to 8.16) and those aged 70-74 years had an AOR of 2.99 (95% CI: 1.57 to 5.71). Khat chewers had an AOR of 2.58 (95% CI: 1.22 to 5.46), smokers an AOR of 3.44 (95% CI: 1.59 to 7.48) and individuals with comorbidities an AOR of 2.42 (95% CI: 1.47 to 3.99).
conclusionThere is a significant increase in 10-year CVD risk among hypertensive patients in the study area. Age, khat chewing, smoking and comorbidities were independent predictors. Regular CVD risk screening for older patients, focused health education to reduce khat and tobacco use and integrated management of comorbidities are essential to lower future cardiovascular risk.
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