Evidence map›Paper›PMID 40669378›Full record

ArticleTranslational oncology2025

In-depth patient-specific analysis of tumor heterogeneity in melanoma brain metastasis: Insights from spatial transcriptomics and multi-region bulk sequencing.

Nidhi Sharma, Jana Rájová, Georgios Mermelekas, Kim Thrane, Joakim Lundeberg, Alia Shamikh, Sofi Vikström, Haris Babačić, Margret Jensdottir, Janne Lehtiö and 2 more

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Translational oncology, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 3 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
3citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

3 citing papers in PubMed.

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4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

12 authors.

Nidhi SharmaDepartment of Oncology-Pathology, Karolinska Institute, 171 77 Stockholm, Sweden; Science for Life Laboratory, Tomtebodavägen 23, 171 65 Solna, Sweden. Electronic address: nidhi.sharma@ki.se.
Jana RájováMolecular Neuromodulation, Department of Experimental Medical Science, Lund University, 221 00 Lund, Sweden.
Georgios MermelekasDepartment of Oncology-Pathology, Karolinska Institute, 171 77 Stockholm, Sweden; Science for Life Laboratory, Tomtebodavägen 23, 171 65 Solna, Sweden.
Kim ThraneDepartment of Gene Technology, KTH Royal Institute of Technology, 114 28 Stockholm, Sweden; Science for Life Laboratory, Tomtebodavägen 23, 171 65 Solna, Sweden.
Joakim LundebergDepartment of Gene Technology, KTH Royal Institute of Technology, 114 28 Stockholm, Sweden; Science for Life Laboratory, Tomtebodavägen 23, 171 65 Solna, Sweden.
Alia ShamikhDepartment of Oncology-Pathology, Karolinska Institute, 171 77 Stockholm, Sweden; Clinical pathology and Cancer diagnostic Center, 171 76 Solna, Sweden.
Sofi VikströmDepartment of Oncology-Pathology, Karolinska Institute, 171 77 Stockholm, Sweden.
Haris BabačićDepartment of Oncology-Pathology, Karolinska Institute, 171 77 Stockholm, Sweden; Science for Life Laboratory, Tomtebodavägen 23, 171 65 Solna, Sweden.
Margret JensdottirDepartment of Clinical Neuroscience, Karolinska Institutet, 171 77 Stockholm, Sweden; Department of Neurosurgery, Karolinska University Hospital, 171 76 Solna, Sweden.
Janne LehtiöDepartment of Oncology-Pathology, Karolinska Institute, 171 77 Stockholm, Sweden; Science for Life Laboratory, Tomtebodavägen 23, 171 65 Solna, Sweden.
Maria PernemalmDepartment of Oncology-Pathology, Karolinska Institute, 171 77 Stockholm, Sweden; Science for Life Laboratory, Tomtebodavägen 23, 171 65 Solna, Sweden. Electronic address: maria.pernemalm@ki.se.
Hanna ErikssonDepartment of Oncology-Pathology, Karolinska Institute, 171 77 Stockholm, Sweden; Theme Cancer, Skin Cancer Center, Karolinska University Hospital, 171 77 Stockholm, Sweden. Electronic address: hanna.eriksson.4@ki.se.

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Melanoma brain metastases (MBM) exhibit extensive intertumor and intratumor heterogeneity (ITH), driven by a complex tumor microenvironment. The aim of this study was to perform a detailed analysis of individual MBM patient tumors using a multiomics approach, integrating spatial transcriptomics with multi-region bulk exome, proteome, and transcriptome profiling for a small group of four patient samples. We identified significant patient-specific variations in immune cell infiltration, particularly in B/plasma cells, myeloid cells, and cancer-associated fibroblasts (CAFs). Notably, immunotherapy-treated patients showed enriched pathways related to epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT), interferon-gamma (IFN-γ) signaling, oxidative phosphorylation, T-cell signaling, inflammation and DNA damage, which aligned with distinct cellular compositions observed in the spatial analysis. We also uncovered considerable ITH, especially at the protein level, revealing differential expression patterns of key tumor and immune-related markers. The correlation between mRNA and protein data highlighted consistent enrichment of critical pathways across multiomics layers. These findings highlight the molecular and cellular landscape of individual patient MBM, underscoring the importance of addressing tumor heterogeneity in the development of effective therapeutic strategies.

Indexed as

Immune signalingImmunotherapyMelanoma brain metastasesMultiomicsPD-1ProteomicsTargeted therapyTranscriptomics

Identifiers

PMID40669378
PMCPMC12284558

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