ArticleScience advances2025
Multicellular muscle-tendon bioprinting of mechanically optimized musculoskeletal bioactuators with enhanced force transmission.
Article in Science advances, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 8 papers.
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Who cites it
8 citing papers in PubMed.
- Multiscale Modeling and Analysis of Muscle Tissue: A Finite Element Approach for 3D Braided Composite Structures.Biomimetics (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Article
- 2D Skeletal Muscle Thin Film Actuators Enhance Efficiency of Biohybrid Robots.bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology · 2026Article
- Myotendinous Junction development and repair.Journal of orthopaedic translation · 2026Review
- Highly bio-adapted hydrogels for tendon-bone interface regeneration: Natural healing inspiration, design strategies, and biomedical potential.Bioactive materials · 2026Review
- Fast-swimming biohybrid OstraBot with self-trained high-strength muscles.Nature communications · 2026Article
- Biohybrid Tendons Enhance the Power-to-Weight Ratio and Modularity of Muscle-Powered Robots.Advanced science (Weinheim, Baden-Wurttemberg, Germany) · 2026Article
- Implications of Tissue Engineering for Tendon Repair and Regeneration.Journal of functional biomaterials · 2025Review
- Converging Architectures: Precision Biomanufacturing and Soft Robotics Rewiring Tissue Engineering.Micromachines · 2025Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
14 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Biohybrid actuators leveraging living muscle tissue offer the potential to replicate natural motion for biomedical and robotic applications. However, challenges such as limited force output and inefficient force transfer at tissue interfaces persist. The myotendinous junction, a specialized interface connecting muscle to the tendon, plays a critical role in efficient force transmission for movement. Engineering muscle-tendon units in vitro is essential for replicating native musculoskeletal functions in biohybrid actuators. Here, we present a three-dimensionally bioprinted system integrating skeletal muscle tissue with tendon-mimicking anchors containing fibroblasts, forming a biomimetic interdigitated myotendinous junction. Using computational models, we optimized muscle geometries to enhance deformation and force generation. The engineered system improved mechanical stability, myofiber maturation, and force transmission, generating contractile forces of up to 350 micronewtons over a 3-month period. This work highlights how biomimetic designs and mechanical optimization can advance bioactuator technologies for applications in medicine and robotics.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.