Evidence map›Paper›PMID 40668827›Full record

ArticleProceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America2025

Training and retraining liquid crystal elastomer metamaterials for pluripotent functionality.

Savannah D Gowen, Elina Ghimire, Charlie A Lindberg, Ingrid S Appen, Stuart J Rowan, Sidney R Nagel

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 2 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
2citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

2 citing papers in PubMed.

  1. Article
  2. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

6 authors.

Savannah D GowenDepartment of Physics and The James Franck and Enrico Fermi Institutes, University of Chicago, IL 60637.ORCID 0009-0004-8667-2410
Elina GhimirePritzker School of Molecular Engineering, University of Chicago, IL 60637.ORCID 0000-0001-9358-7514
Charlie A LindbergPritzker School of Molecular Engineering, University of Chicago, IL 60637.ORCID 0000-0001-8391-4753
Ingrid S AppenPritzker School of Molecular Engineering, University of Chicago, IL 60637.
Stuart J RowanPritzker School of Molecular Engineering, University of Chicago, IL 60637.ORCID 0000-0001-8176-0594
Sidney R NagelDepartment of Physics and The James Franck and Enrico Fermi Institutes, University of Chicago, IL 60637.ORCID 0000-0003-3486-8898

Funding

NSF | MPS | Division of Materials Research (DMR) 2011854
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Training has emerged as a promising materials design technique in which function can be achieved through repeated physical modification of an existing material rather than by direct chemical functionalization, cutting, or reprocessing. This work investigates both the ability to train for function and then to erase that function on-demand in macroscopic metamaterials made from liquid crystal elastomers. We first show that the Poisson's ratio of these disordered arrays can be tuned via directed aging to induce an auxetic response. We then show that the arrays can be reset and retrained for another local mechanical function, allostery, thus demonstrating pluripotent functionality.

Indexed as

directed agingliquid crystal elastomersmetamaterialsnetworkstraining

Identifiers

PMID40668827
PMCPMC12304956

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY-NC-ND
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.