ArticleJACC. Asia2025
Joint Associations of Frailty and Cardiometabolic Diseases With Risk of All-Cause and Cardiac Mortality.
Article in JACC. Asia, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 4 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
4 citing papers in PubMed.
- Frailty and Cardiometabolic Outcomes: A Narrative Review.Journal of clinical medicine · 2026Review
- Baseline and 72-h dynamic laboratory deficit burden for mortality through day 90 after acute ischemic stroke in critical care: landmark analyses with temporal validation.Frontiers in neurology · 2026Article
- Frailty and transitions across cardiometabolic disease states: evidence from multistate models in a 16-year Chinese cohort.npj aging · 2025Article
- Beyond the Sum of Their Parts: Frailty and Cardiometabolic Disease in Predicting Mortality.JACC. Asia · 2025Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
5 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
backgroundCardiometabolic diseases (CMDs) are common for middle-aged and older adults. Whether frailty exacerbates CMD-related risk of mortality outcomes is unclear.
objectivesThe authors sought to investigate the joint associations of frailty and CMDs with mortality risk.
methodsThis prospective cohort study included 467,406 participants from UK biobank. Frailty was assessed using frailty phenotype and frailty index (FI). CMD status was defined as no CMD, single CMD, and cardiometabolic multimorbidity (CMM, coexistence of ≥2 CMDs). Multiplicative and additive interactions between frailty and CMDs two exposures on all-cause and cardiac mortality were examined, and then the joint association of coexisting frailty and CMDs with outcomes were estimated.
resultsDuring median follow-up of 13.08 years, 33,435 participants (7.2%) died, with 6,709 (1.4%) experiencing cardiac mortality. For frailty phenotype measurement, significant multiplicative and additive interactions existed with CMD status. Coexisting frailty phenotype and CMM were associated with a 4.91 (95% CI: 4.49-5.38) times and 8.33 (95% CI: 7.13-9.72) times higher risk of all-cause and cardiac mortality, with 23% and 36% attributable to the additive interaction, respectively. For FI measurements, a significant multiplicative interaction was observed with CMDs, and similar frailty-CMD joint associations with mortality outcomes were also observed.
conclusionsCoexisting frailty and CMDs were associated with an accumulatively increased risk of mortality. Comprehensive screening and management of frailty and CMDs is advisable in aged populations.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.