ArticleEpidemiology and psychiatric sciences2025
A comparison of the costs and patterns of expenditure for care for severe mental illness in five countries with different levels of economic development.
Article in Epidemiology and psychiatric sciences, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. An erratum has been issued. Cited by 4 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
4 citing papers in PubMed.
- [Patient navigation in severe mental illness-challenges, models, and perspectives].Bundesgesundheitsblatt, Gesundheitsforschung, Gesundheitsschutz · 2026Review
- Cost Burden, Readmission Dynamics, and Service Management in Psychiatric Care: A Financial Performance Analysis in a Romanian Public Hospital.Healthcare (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Article
- A comparison of the costs and patterns of expenditure for care for severe mental illness in five countries with different levels of economic development - CORRIGENDUM.Epidemiology and psychiatric sciences · 2025Article
- Editorial: Redefining acute psychiatric care: strategies for improved inpatient experiences.Frontiers in psychiatry · 2025Article
Corrections and comments
- Erratum issued
Authors and funding
17 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
aimsThe aim of the article is to undertake the first economic analysis exploring the costs of illness (COIs) and factors affecting COIs in people living with mental disorders using individual patient-level data across five countries with different national income levels. This is done by investigating diagnosis-related and sociodemographic factors for country-specific medical and psychosocial service use in these high, lower-middle and low-income countries.
methodsUsing data from the Using Peer Support In Developing Empowering Mental Health Services (UPSIDES) study, a pragmatic randomized controlled trial, costs for medical and psychosocial services have been estimated over 6 months in 615 people with severe mental illness from Germany (
resultsOf the 615 participants (mean [SD] age 38.3 [11.2] years; 335 [54.5%] women), the total 6-month COI ranged from $311.48 [±547.47] in Tanzania to $10,493.19 [±13324.10] in Germany. High-income Germany and low-income Uganda both concentrated >70% of COIs on inpatient care. High-income Israel had the most balanced COI, with the lowest mean share (15.40%) on inpatient care, compared with community (35.12%) and primary care (33.01%). Female gender was associated with lower COI (
conclusionsNational income is correlated with the total COI in people living with mental disorders but is a poor predictor of the sector-specific distribution of these expenditures.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.