ArticlemedRxiv : the preprint server for health sciences2025
Electrical Stimulation for the Induction of Seizures is Safe, Well-tolerated and High-Yield in Children with Drug-Resistant Epilepsy.
Article in medRxiv : the preprint server for health sciences, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
0 citing papers in PubMed.
No citing paper in PubMed yet.
Corrections and comments
- Updated by
Authors and funding
7 authors.
Funding
Abstract
Introduction: One third of children with epilepsy develop drug-resistant epilepsy (DRE). Epilepsy surgery is the treatment for DRE, and selecting the surgical target typically requires recording spontaneous seizures during intracranial monitoring with stereoelectroencephalography (sEEG). In adults, induced seizures have been shown to help define surgical targets and are associated with superior surgical outcomes. No published studies focus on the safety, tolerability, and yield of electrical stimulation for the induction of seizures (ESIS) in children. Methods: Stimulation at 1 Hz and 50 Hz was performed prospectively and comprehensively (all gray matter channels) during sEEG in children and young adults with DRE. Induced seizures were categorized into four groups: electroclinical habitual, clinical habitual (aura), subclinical and non-habitual. Primary safety outcome was use of rescue medication. Patient and caregiver tolerability were assessed by questionnaire. Yield was measured as induced seizure rate. Results: Sixty-seven patients (n=30 female) were included, ages 1-21 years (mean ± SD, 11.1 ± 5.7). Three patients participated twice, yielding 70 patient admissions. n=10,135 stimulation trials were performed, requiring 175 ± 61 minutes per patient. Only one seizure required acute rescue medication. Patient and caregiver tolerability ratings were overall favorable and improved from pre- to post-session. At least one induced seizure was obtained in 62/70 (89%) patients, representing 283/10,135 trials (2.8%). Combined, habitual seizures and habitual auras accounted for most induced seizures (58%); non-habitual seizures were uncommon (12%). Of those with induced seizures, multiple seizure types occurred in 28/62 (45%). Seizures were induced at both 1 Hz and 50 Hz in 22/67 patients (33%). Significance: Comprehensive seizure stimulation during sEEG is safe, well-tolerated, and high-yield in children. Both 1 Hz and 50 Hz stimulation induce seizures. These findings motivate a more systematic utilization of ESIS in pediatric EMUs.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.