Evidence map›Paper›PMID 40665668›Full record

Trial reportOrthopaedic surgery2025

Impact of Warmed Irrigation Fluid During Shoulder Arthroscopy on Patient Temperature, Recovery, and Cognitive Function: A Prospective Analysis of Influencing Factors.

Jingfeng Liu, Xiaohong Huang, Xiaowei Xu, Yanyan Song, Jie Chen, Pei Yu, Tingjun Ye, Yin Zhang, Dahang Zhao, Gen Li and 4 more

Abstract readRandomized Controlled Trial
In one paragraph

Trial report in Orthopaedic surgery, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 2 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
2citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

2 citing papers in PubMed.

  1. Trial
  2. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

14 authors.

Jingfeng LiuDepartment of Orthopedics, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China.
Xiaohong HuangOperating Room, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China.
Xiaowei XuDepartment of Anesthesiology, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China.
Yanyan SongDepartment of Biostatistics, Clinical Research Institute, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China.
Jie ChenDepartment of Orthopedics, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China.
Pei YuDepartment of Orthopedics, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China.
Tingjun YeDepartment of Orthopedics, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China.
Yin ZhangDepartment of Orthopedics, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China.
Dahang ZhaoDepartment of Orthopedics, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China.
Gen LiDepartment of Orthopedics, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China.
Lei WangDepartment of Orthopedics, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1627-4618
Ying WangDepartment of Anesthesiology, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China.
Zhenjin JuDepartment of Orthopedics, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China.
Chengyu ZhuangDepartment of Orthopedics, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8017-7046

Funding

Major Program of the National Natural Science Foundation of China (NSFC) T2293734National Key Research and Development Program of China 2021YFB3200603
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

objectiveTo investigate the effects of warmed irrigation fluid during shoulder arthroscopy on patient temperature regulation, recovery outcomes, and cognitive function.

methodsA randomized single-blind prospective study (Level II) and a total of 85 patients who underwent shoulder arthroscopy at our hospital from February 2022 to April 2023 were selected, all of whom signed informed consent, which was randomly divided into two groups (warmed irrigation fluid group and room temperature fluid group). Among them, there were 29 males (34.1%) and 56 females (65.9%) (male:female ratio = 1:2), with an average age of 60.80 ± 11.70 years (ranging from 19 to 79 years). There were 50 patients (58.8%) aged over 60 and 35 patients (41.2%) aged under 60. All patients were diagnosed with rotator cuff injuries. We recorded primary patient data, anesthesia duration, anesthesia method, surgery duration, intraoperative temperature protection measures, irrigation volume, intraoperative nasopharyngeal and rectal temperatures, and preoperative and postoperative Mini-Mental State Examination (MMSE) and Montreal Cognitive Assessment (MoCA) scores. Statistical analysis was performed to evaluate the impact of warmed irrigation fluid on patient temperature, recovery, and cognitive status.

resultsAnalysis of the data from the 85 shoulder arthroscopy patients indicated that warming the irrigation fluid effectively prevented a decrease in core body temperature (nasopharyngeal and rectal temperatures), with significant differences observed at 120 min (nasopharyngeal temperature) and 105 min (rectal temperature). Patients with warmed irrigation fluid had a shorter average anesthesia recovery time than those without warming, although this difference was not statistically significant. Analysis of MMSE and MOCA scores revealed that the areas of cognitive decline post-surgery mainly involved cumulative memory and attention, while orientation was not affected. Education level was identified as a factor influencing cognitive decline.

conclusionThe administration of warmed irrigation fluid during shoulder arthroscopy has effectively preserved patients' core body temperature. This practice may contribute to a reduction in recovery time and complications associated with the procedure. Furthermore, minimally invasive techniques such as arthroscopy have been associated with a decreased incidence of postoperative cognitive impairment.

Indexed as

ArthroscopyBody TemperatureCognitionRotator Cuff InjuriesShoulder JointTherapeutic IrrigationAdultAgedFemaleHumansMaleMiddle AgedProspective StudiesSingle-Blind MethodYoung AdultarthroscopyhypothermiairrigationMini‐Mental State ExaminationMontreal Cognitive Assessment

Identifiers

PMID40665668
PMCPMC12318689

What OpenQuestion holds

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LicenceCC BY-NC-ND
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Registered trials

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.