SynthesisClinical psychology & psychotherapy
When Adverse Experiences Influence the Interpretation of Ourselves, Others and the World: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Maladaptive Schemas in Victims of Violence.
Synthesis in Clinical psychology & psychotherapy. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 5 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
5 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it.
- When Adverse Experiences Influence the Interpretation of Ourselves, Others and the World: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Maladaptive Schemas in Victims of Violence.Clinical psychology & psychotherapyPooled it
- Understanding how adverse childhood experiences influence the development of postpartum post-traumatic stress disorder: a qualitative study in China.European journal of psychotraumatology · 2026Article
- Online Application of Imagery Rescripting for Pathological Affective Dependence (ImRs-PAD) in Survivors of Intimate Partner Violence: Results From a Multiple Case Series.Clinical psychology in Europe · 2026Article
- Family Communication Patterns and Emotional Schemas as Predictors of Addiction Tendency in Adolescents: The Mediating Role of Alexithymia.International journal of school health · 2026Article
- The relationship between childhood trauma, doomscrolling, and dating violence among university students in Türkiye.BMC psychology · 2026Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
9 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
purposeEarly maladaptive schemas (EMS) are dysfunctional emotional and cognitive patterns formed in childhood due to negative experiences that hinder basic psychological needs. These schemas shape beliefs about oneself, others and the world, influencing relationships and overall functioning. This study aims to identify common EMS among victims of violence and their associations with specific types of abuse, offering insight into underlying beliefs that may contribute to repeated victimization.
methodsFollowing PRISMA guidelines, we conducted a systematic review of observational studies published between May and January 2025, analysing data from online databases. Studies included survivors aged 14 to 60, assessed with the Young Schema Questionnaire. Meta-analyses with random-effects models calculated mean effect sizes and correlation coefficients, while meta-regressions examined the influence of age, gender and country.
resultsA total of 20 studies were included. Survivors exhibited various EMS, including self-sacrifice, unrelenting standards, abuse, abandonment, dependence and vulnerability to harm. Psychological abuse was strongly linked to emotional deprivation, abuse, social isolation, failure, abandonment, emotional inhibition, vulnerability to harm, defectiveness, dependence and subjugation. Survivors of physical abuse frequently displayed emotional deprivation, social isolation and vulnerability to harm. Among survivors of intimate partner violence, the most prevalent schemas were subjugation, emotional deprivation, abuse and social isolation. Meta-regressions indicated that age, gender and country influenced certain EMS.
conclusionsIdentifying maladaptive schemas enhances our understanding of survivors' dysfunctional beliefs, which is essential for developing more effective, individualized interventions and preventive strategies.
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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.