Evidence map›Paper›PMID 40665408›Full record

ArticleBMC sports science, medicine & rehabilitation2025

Epidemiological analysis of injuries in elite handball: insights from the 2023-2024 Turkish super league season.

Ahmet Bayrak, Mustafa Enli

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in BMC sports science, medicine & rehabilitation, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 1 paper.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
1citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

1 citing paper in PubMed.

  1. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

2 authors.

Ahmet BayrakFaculty of Health Science, Department of Physical Therapy and Rehabilitation, Selcuk University, Konya, Turkey. fztahmet@gmail.com.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0001-7854-6407
Mustafa EnliKonya Büyükşehir Belediye Sports Club, Sports Physiotherapist, Handball Team Physiotherapist, Konya, Turkey.ORCID http://orcid.org/0009-0007-7408-2554

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

backgroundThis study aims to determine the injury incidence among male and female athletes in the Turkish Handball Super League and to examine the most common types, mechanisms, and risk factors of injuries.

methodsData were collected through medical records and self-reported questionnaires from 160 handball Super League players (82 females, 78 males). Injuries were classified based on their type, severity, mechanism (contact vs. non-contact), and affected body region. Statistical analyses were performed using the Mann–Whitney U test to assess differences between groups and logistic regression analysis to evaluate potential predictors of injury, respectively.

resultsThe findings revealed that lower extremity injuries (54.0%) were the most frequent, followed by upper extremity (27.8%) and trunk injuries (15.1%). Among lower extremity injuries, ankle (22.2%) and knee (15.1%) injuries were the most common, while shoulder injuries (15.9%) were predominant in the upper extremity. Female players exhibited a higher incidence of ACL injuries, whereas Achilles tendon injuries were more prevalent in male players. Logistic regression analysis identified gender (p = 0.041) as a significant predictor of injury risk, while age, BMI, playing position, and years of experience were not statistically significant (p˃ 0.05).

conclusionThe study highlights gender-specific injury trends in elite handball players, emphasizing the need for injury prevention programs focusing on neuromuscular training, load management, and biomechanical assessments. Future research should explore hormonal influences, biomechanical factors, and training adaptations to further reduce injury risk. These findings serve as a valuable guide for coaches, medical teams, and sports scientists in optimizing handball injury prevention strategies.

Indexed as

HandballInjury incidenceInjury profileSports injuriesSports injury rate

Identifiers

PMID40665408
PMCPMC12261712

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LicenceCC BY-NC-ND
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Registered trials

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.