Evidence map›Paper›PMID 40665111›Full record

ArticleScientific reports2025

Economic and environmental assessment of different energy storage methods for hybrid energy systems.

Ying Liu, Yaru Zhang

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Scientific reports, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 1 paper.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
1citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

1 citing paper in PubMed.

  1. Review
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

2 authors.

Ying LiuSchool of Economics and Management, Shanghai Institute of Technology, Haiquan Road 100, Shanghai, 201418, China.
Yaru ZhangSchool of Economics and Management, Shanghai Institute of Technology, Haiquan Road 100, Shanghai, 201418, China. yaruzhang@sit.edu.cn.

Funding

National Natural Science Foundation of China 72304186
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Due to the environmental impact of fossil fuels, renewable energy, such as wind and solar energy, is rapidly developed. In energy systems, energy storage units are important, which can regulate the safe and stable operation of the power system. However, different energy storage methods have different environmental and economic impacts in renewable energy systems. This paper proposed three different energy storage methods for hybrid energy systems containing different renewable energy including wind, solar, bioenergy and hydropower, meanwhile. Based on Homer Pro software, this paper compared and analyzed the economic and environmental results of different methods in the energy system through the case of a residential community in Baotou City. The result showed that (1) the use of batteries as energy storage in communities posed the lowest energy costs whose NPC was $197,396 and LCOE was $0.159, consisting of 20 batteries, 19.3 kW PV, 6 wind turbines, a 12.6 kW converter. (2) Lower fuel cell prices mean lower NPC and the increase in the Electric Load Scaled Average implied a decrease in LCOE and the increase of the NPC. (3) The use of fuel cells also had impacts on the environment, such as resulting CO

Indexed as

BatteryEconomic analysisEnergy storageFuel cellRenewable energy

Identifiers

PMID40665111
PMCPMC12264012

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY-NC-ND
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.