ArticleEMBO molecular medicine2025
Cold exposure promotes the progression of osteoarthritis through downregulating APOE in cartilage.
Article in EMBO molecular medicine, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 6 papers.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
6 citing papers in PubMed.
- Unveiling the BMI Risk Threshold for Osteoarthritis: Multi-Database Causal and Nonlinear Evidence.Diabetes, obesity & metabolism · 2026Article
- Synergistic effects of ambient particulate matter and extreme weather events on arthritis risk: a prospective cohort study.BMC public health · 2026Article
- Cellular Products with Anti-Inflammatory Properties for the Treatment of Cartilage Lesions.International journal of molecular sciences · 2026Review
- Osteoarthritis and dementia: contrasting disorders driven by mutual pathways of autophagy, mTOR, GLP-1, AMPK, Wnt, and WISP1.Expert review of clinical pharmacology · 2026Review
- Running out the clock: Circadian rhythm dysfunction in cognitive disease.International review of neurobiology · 2026Review
- Insights Into the HIF-1α-Mediated NLRP3 Pyroptosis Pathway in the Regulation of Musculoskeletal Diseases in the High-Altitude Environment.Journal of inflammation research · 2026Review
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
13 authors.
Funding
Abstract
Osteoarthritis (OA) is a degenerative joint disease with limited effective therapies. Cold weathers have been shown to affect joint pain in OA patients. However, the impact of cold climate on OA progression is debated, with the underlying mechanisms not fully understood. This study aims to elucidate the role of Apolipoprotein E (Apoe) in chondrocytes in relation to OA progression under cold exposure. Both human chondrocytes RNA sequencing and DMM mice OA model revealed that lower temperatures significantly downregulated Apoe expression, correlating with OA exacerbation. Conditional knockout of Apoe in cartilage aggravated cartilage degeneration, leading to lipid accumulation, increased ROS production, mitochondrial dysfunction, and elevated chondrocyte apoptosis. Treatment with RGX-104, an LXRβ agonist, reversely restored APOE expression, mitigated aberrant lipid accumulation and countered the detrimental effects of cold exposure on OA progression. These results suggest that targeting lipid transfer and metabolism, especially through Apoe modulation, may offer therapeutic strategies for OA patients residing in colder climates, such as those at high altitudes and latitudes, and even winter season.
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Registered trials
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