Evidence map›Paper›PMID 40664431›Full record

ArticleBMJ global health2025

Essential aid made fully visible: understanding the proCHW financing landscape analysing accessible donor data sources.

Cleo Baskin, Carey Carpenter Westgate, Laura Shellaby, Madeleine Ballard, Ash Rogers, Rachel Hofmann, Mallika Raghavan, Daniel Palazuelos, Sarah Lindsay, Pauline Picho Keronyai and 9 more

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in BMJ global health, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
0citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

0 citing papers in PubMed.

No citing paper in PubMed yet.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

19 authors.

Cleo BaskinCommunity Health Impact Coalition, London, UK.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0001-6254-8707
Carey Carpenter WestgateCommunity Health Impact Coalition, London, UK.
Laura ShellabyLSS Global, Geneva, Switzerland.
Madeleine BallardCommunity Health Impact Coalition, London, UK.
Ash RogersLwala Community Alliance, Nashville, Tennessee, USA.
Rachel HofmannD-tree International, Norwell, Maryland, USA.
Mallika RaghavanLast Mile Health, Monrovia, Liberia.
Daniel PalazuelosBrigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, USA.
Sarah LindsayLiving Goods, San Francisco, California, USA.
Pauline Picho KeronyaiNama Wellness Community Centre, Mukono, Uganda.
Matthew FrenchNama Wellness Community Centre, Mukono, Uganda.
Niloofar GanjianLast Mile Health, Boston, Massachusetts, USA.
Stephanie RappMuso, Bamako, Mali.
Sonia TiedtImperial College London, London, UK.
Carla López CastañedaLast Mile Health, London, UK.
Diana Nambatya NsubugaTIP Global Health, Kigali, Rwanda.
Jude AidamCatholic Relief Services, Baltimore, Maryland, USA.
Benedicte RazafinjatoPIVOT, Ranomafana, Madagascar.
James O'DonovanJames O'Donovan, Community Health Impact Coalition, Newcastle, UK James.odonovan@joinchic.org.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0002-7248-5436

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

introductionCommunity health workers (CHWs) play a critical role in extending healthcare services to underserved populations, especially in low-income and middle-income countries. Professional CHWs (proCHWs), who are salaried, skilled, supplied and supervised, are essential for achieving Universal Health Coverage and other global health goals. Despite the growing recognition of proCHWs, there is limited understanding of the global financing landscape for these workers. This study analyses the availability of data detailing the allocation of funding from major global development organisations for proCHWs.

methodsThe study was conducted by the Community Health Impact Coalition (CHIC) using a two-stage approach. First, eight major global funders were selected through a consultative process with CHIC members, chosen based on their perceived influence, leadership in community health and scale of financial commitments. The second stage involved mapping and analysing the funding availability of these organisations through desk reviews, brief consultations and analysis of public funding databases. The transparency of proCHW-specific funding data was assessed using a classification system: 'yes' (full availability), 'partial' (moderate availability) and 'no' (low/no availability).

resultsThe analysis revealed a gap in accessible data required to quantify the funding for CHWs, particularly proCHWs, across the eight organisations. Only two organisations, The Global Fund and the President's Malaria Initiative, provided partial data visibility, while none fully disclosed specific funding amounts for proCHW programmes. Most organisations did not systematically track or report CHW investments, making it challenging to assess global funding flows.

conclusionsThe study highlights gaps in the availability of data related to funding for proCHWs, hampering the ability to track and evaluate investments in proCHW programmes. The study recommends global funders improve the specificity of their data reporting and integrate proCHW indicators into standard reporting tools. Enhanced data reporting is essential for optimising investments in proCHW programmes and advancing global health equity.

Indexed as

Community Health WorkersGlobal HealthDeveloping CountriesHealthcare FinancingHumansInformation SourcesInternational CooperationGlobal HealthHealth economicsHealth systems

Identifiers

PMID40664431
PMCPMC12265833

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Registered trials

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.