ArticleBMJ open2025
Role of various types of outdoor activities for school-aged children myopia in Fengyang County, Chuzhou City: a cross-sectional study.
Article in BMJ open, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. An erratum has been issued. Cited by 1 paper, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
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Who cites it
1 citing paper in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it.
- Exposure-response association between outdoor activity time and myopia risk in Chinese children and adolescents: a systematic review and meta-analysis.Journal of global health · 2026Pooled it
Corrections and comments
- Erratum issuedCorrection for '2025
Authors and funding
11 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
objectivesThis study aimed to assess the association between various types of outdoor activities and myopia among school-aged children.
designA cross-sectional study.
settingFengyang County, Chuzhou City, Anhui Province.
participantsA total of 2123 students aged 9-19 years (mean 14.60±2.04 years) were recruited from two primary schools, four junior high schools and eight high schools between October and December 2023. 2066 students were included in the final analysis, comprising 1151 boys and 915 girls.
main outcome measuresDaily time for various types of outdoor activities and eye parameters.
resultsOf the 2066 students enrolled, 85.04% (1757) were diagnosed with myopia. On adjustment for confounding variables, both the total (OR=0.82, 95% CI: 0.73 to 0.92, p=0.001) and low-intensity outdoor activities (OR=0.73, 95% CI: 0.58 to 0.92, p=0.008) exhibited significant associations with the presence of myopia. A gender-based subgroup analysis revealed that daily total outdoor activity hours emerged as a protective factor against myopia in male students (OR=0.83, 95% CI: 0.72 to 0.96, p=0.014), whereas for females, daily medium-intensity outdoor activities were identified as a protective factor (OR=0.44, 95% CI: 0.20 to 0.96, p=0.040). Stratified by educational level, our findings indicated that both daily total outdoor activity (OR=0.59; 95% CI: 0.46 to 0.77, p<0.001) and high-intensity outdoor activities (OR=0.44; 95% CI: 0.21 to 0.91, p=0.026) were beneficial in preventing myopia among students in primary grades 4 to 6. Conversely, for high school students, only daily low-intensity outdoor activities demonstrated a protective effect against myopia (OR=0.69; 95% CI: 0.50 to 0.94, p=0.020).
conclusionsOutdoor activities, particularly those of low intensity, may offer a protective effect against the development of myopia in school-aged children.
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