ArticleProceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America2025
Elevated CO
Michaela K Reay, Emma J Sayer, Andrew Smith, Victoria Pastor, Angeliki Kourmouli, Miles Marshall, Robert T Grzesik, Iwan Evans, Manon Rumeau, Kris Hart and 6 more
Article in Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 5 papers.
0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
5citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
2 · The registry
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
5 · Who and what money
Authors and funding
16 authors.
Michaela K ReaySchool of Geography, Earth and Environmental Science, University of Birmingham, Birmingham B15 2TT United Kingdom.ORCID 0000-0001-6335-1690
Emma J SayerLancaster Environment Centre, Lancaster University, Lancaster LA1 4YQ, United Kingdom.ORCID 0000-0002-3322-4487
Andrew SmithSchool of Environmental and Natural Sciences, Bangor University, Bangor LL57 2UR, United Kingdom.ORCID 0000-0001-8580-278X
Victoria PastorDepartment of Biology, Biochemistry, and Natural Sciences, School of Technology and Experimental Sciences, Universitat Jaume I, Castelló de la Plana 12006, Spain.
Angeliki KourmouliBirmingham Institute of Forest Research, University of Birmingham, Birmingham B15 2TT, United Kingdom.
Miles MarshallSchool of Environmental and Natural Sciences, Bangor University, Bangor LL57 2UR, United Kingdom.
Robert T GrzesikSchool of Geography, Earth and Environmental Science, University of Birmingham, Birmingham B15 2TT United Kingdom.
Iwan EvansSchool of Geography, Earth and Environmental Science, University of Birmingham, Birmingham B15 2TT United Kingdom.
Manon RumeauSchool of Geography, Earth and Environmental Science, University of Birmingham, Birmingham B15 2TT United Kingdom.
Kris HartBirmingham Institute of Forest Research, University of Birmingham, Birmingham B15 2TT, United Kingdom.
Jiaojiao MaSchool of Geography, Earth and Environmental Science, University of Birmingham, Birmingham B15 2TT United Kingdom.
Richard J NorbySchool of Geography, Earth and Environmental Science, University of Birmingham, Birmingham B15 2TT United Kingdom.ORCID 0000-0002-0238-9828
A Robert MacKenzieSchool of Geography, Earth and Environmental Science, University of Birmingham, Birmingham B15 2TT United Kingdom.ORCID 0000-0002-8227-742X
R Liz HamiltonSchool of Geography, Earth and Environmental Science, University of Birmingham, Birmingham B15 2TT United Kingdom.ORCID 0000-0003-2532-2236
Iain P HartleyGeography, Faculty of Science, Environment and Economy, University of Exeter, Exeter EX4 4RJ, United Kingdom.ORCID 0000-0002-9183-6617
Sami UllahSchool of Geography, Earth and Environmental Science, University of Birmingham, Birmingham B15 2TT United Kingdom.ORCID 0000-0002-9153-8847
Funding
UKRI | Natural Environment Research Council (NERC) NE/T000449/1UKRI | Natural Environment Research Council (NERC) QUINTUS; NE/S015833/1
6 · The paper itself
Abstract
Forests are potential carbon (C) sinks that partially offset anthropogenic carbon dioxide (CO
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.