ArticlePloS one2025
Opioid overdose and naloxone administration knowledge and perceived competency in a probability sample of Indiana urban communities with large Black populations.
Article in PloS one, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 2 papers.
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Who cites it
2 citing papers in PubMed.
- Recruiting a National Sample of First Response Agencies to Participate in an Overdose Prevention Research Project: Randomized Controlled Trial and Feasibility Study.JMIR formative research · 2026Trial
- Opioid overdose mortality among black people receiving a community- & theory-based multilevel opioid overdose intervention in Indianapolis, U.S.A., 2022-2025.Preventive medicine reports · 2026Article
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Authors and funding
6 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
backgroundOpioid overdose deaths pose a serious public health concern in the United States, with disproportionately higher rates of increase among Black Americans despite expanded naloxone access. Improving community knowledge and confidence in naloxone use may be critical to reducing these disparities.
objectiveThis study assessed individual- and community-level factors associated with knowledge and perceived competency in managing opioid overdose and administering naloxone among urban Indiana residents.
methodsA probability-based household survey was conducted between March to May 2023 across eight Indiana zip code areas (N = 772) with high (> 40%) proportions of Black residents. Multilevel modeling was used to examine individual- and community-level factors associated with opioid overdose knowledge and perceived competency, using adapted items from the Opioid Overdose Knowledge Scale (OOKS) and Opioid Overdose Attitudes Scale (OOAS).
resultsRace, sex, household income, education, time lived in the community, and history of opioid overdose significantly predicted knowledge scores. White participants scored higher (mean 6.65) than Black participants (5.70) (p < 0.001). A significant cross-level interaction was found, with Black residents living in high-poverty areas scoring lower than White counterparts (β = 1.06, p = 0.039). In contrast, perceived competency was primarily associated with age and personal history of overdose.
conclusionsRacial and socioeconomic disparities persist in opioid overdose knowledge, particularly among Black residents in low-income communities. Tailored, culturally responsive education efforts, especially by trusted community members, may help improve overdose response readiness.
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