Observational studyShock (Augusta, Ga.)2026
Histone Lactylation in Immune Cells and Its Predictive Role in Sepsis Progression: A Prospective Observational Study.
Observational study in Shock (Augusta, Ga.), 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 5 papers.
What it found
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The trial behind it
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Who cites it
5 citing papers in PubMed.
- Lactate: elucidating its indispensable role in human health.Molecular cancer · 2026Review
- Lactylation: a novel epigenetic bridge connecting metabolic reprogramming and immune dysregulation in sepsis-associated ARDS.Frontiers in immunology · 2026Review
- H4K5 lactylation exacerbates acute myocarditis by driving a positive feedback loop between inflammation and metabolic dysfunction.Frontiers in immunology · 2026Article
- Lactate Metabolism and Protein Lactylation in Diabetic Kidney Disease: A Narrative Review.Diabetes, metabolic syndrome and obesity : targets and therapy · 2026Review
- Septic Shock in Hematological Malignancies: Role of Artificial Intelligence in Predicting Outcomes.Current oncology (Toronto, Ont.) · 2025Review
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
9 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
backgroundSepsis, a life-threatening condition caused by infection, induces dysregulated immune responses. Lactylation is a lactate-derived posttranslational modification with roles in various cellular processes. We investigated lactylation levels in the immune cells of patients with sepsis and evaluated their association with disease progression.
methodsIn this prospective cohort study, blood samples were collected on days 1 and 3 from 58 intensive care unit patients, including critically ill controls and sepsis patients (survivors and nonsurvivors). Biochemical and clinical data were analyzed, and immune cells were isolated to measure pan-lysine lactylation (Pan Kla), H4K5la, and H3K56la levels using flow cytometry.
resultsPatients with sepsis exhibited significantly elevated neutrophil H4K5la levels compared with critically ill controls on day 1 (231.6 [174.9-361.9] vs. 127.5 [69.4-168.9] mean fluorescence intensity [MFI], P < 0.0001); similar trends were observed in monocytes, B cells, and T cells. Multivariate analysis identified neutrophil H4K5la levels as an independent predictor of sepsis. The combination of day 1 neutrophil H4K5la and C-reactive protein levels improved diagnostic performance (area under the receiver operating characteristic curve = 0.902 [95% confidence interval, 0.795-0.964]). On day 3, nonsurvivors showed lower lactylation levels than survivors (monocyte Pan Kla: 79.8 [54.9-106.1] vs. 133.2 [112.3-259.2] MFI, P = 0.0334; T-cell H3K56la: 15.5 [8.2-28.1] vs. 37.2 [23.9-71.4] MFI, P = 0.0143).
conclusionsImmune cell lactylation may serve as a biomarker for sepsis progression. The combination of neutrophil H4K5la and C-reactive protein enhances early diagnostic accuracy; reduced lactylation on day 3 may indicate poor prognosis.
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