Evidence map›Paper›PMID 40662178›Full record

ArticleFrontiers in psychology2025

Reliability of subjective evaluation in assessing elite table tennis players' performance.

Lulu Gan, Jing Chen, Luning Wang, Yunfei Lu, Jie Ren

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Frontiers in psychology, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 1 paper.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
1citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

1 citing paper in PubMed.

  1. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

5 authors.

Lulu GanChina Table Tennis College, Shanghai University of Sport, Shanghai, China.
Jing ChenDivision of Health Professions, Texas A&M University-Texarkana, Texarkana, TX, United States.
Luning WangSchool of Psychology, Shanghai University of Sport, Shanghai, China.
Yunfei LuChina Table Tennis College, Shanghai University of Sport, Shanghai, China.
Jie RenChina Table Tennis College, Shanghai University of Sport, Shanghai, China.

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Purpose: This study aims to assess the reliability of subjective evaluations conducted under two information conditions and to explore the influence of observer expertise on the consistency of performance assessments of elite table tennis players. Methods: Observers of varying skill levels were invited to provide subjective evaluations of the elite table tennis players' performance by observing specific rally strokes during the match. A Video Masking Paradigm approach was implemented to conceal motion information during critical moments of scoring and losing. The weighted Kappa coefficient ( Results: Intra-observer reliability was good ( Conclusion: Observers with table tennis skill levels demonstrate high intra-observer test-retest reliability in subjective evaluations, but the inter-observer consistency is lower. Different information conditions (with or without results) are key variables affecting the consistency of subjective evaluations. When kinematic information is occluded (without results), the consistency of subjective evaluations decreases. The selection of observation indicators also impacts the consistency of subjective evaluations. Additionally, observers' consistency in subjective evaluations is influenced by their level of experience and skill: the higher the observer's level and experience, the greater the consistency of their subjective evaluations.

Indexed as

elite athletereliabilitysports performancesubjective evaluationtable tennis

Identifiers

PMID40662178
PMCPMC12257951

What OpenQuestion holds

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Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.