ArticleFrontiers in digital health2025
Impact of a digital application on HbA1c levels in people with diabetes: a randomized controlled trial.
Article in Frontiers in digital health, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 4 papers.
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Who cites it
4 citing papers in PubMed.
- Insulin pens and the digital ecosystem.Diabetologia · 2026Review
- Digital Management of Early-Onset Type 2 Diabetes: Empowerment, Challenges, and Future Outlook.Current diabetes reports · 2026Review
- App-Based Digital Therapeutics Integrating Continuous Glucose Monitoring for Glycemic Control in Type 2 Diabetes: Prospective Observational Cohort Study.JMIR diabetes · 2026Article
- Real-World Evidence on Mobile App-Supported Diabetes Management in Insulin-Treated Patients.Journal of diabetes research · 2025Article
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Authors and funding
3 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Aims: Digital applications have the potential to enhance diabetes management, particularly in patients treated with insulin. This study aims to evaluate the impact of a digital application on self-management (ESYSTA, Germany), expressed in a change in HbA1c levels, in people with diabetes treated with insulin. Materials and methods: A randomized controlled, multicentric trial was conducted in 204 people with diabetes (60% type 2 diabetes) treated with insulin to assess the efficacy of ESYSTA. Participants were randomly assigned to either the intervention group (IG) using ESYSTA in addition to the German standard of Care (SoC) according to the German disease management programs (DMP) for 6 months or a control group (CG) receiving SoC only. The primary endpoint was the change in HbA1c levels. Secondary endpoints included well-being and diabetes-related distress. Results: A clinically relevant reduction in HbA1c levels of on average -0.48% points (-0.66; -0.29) was observed in the IG after 6 months. Compared to the CG, this reduction was more pronounced, especially in the per-protocol sample [mean difference, -0.28% points; 95% CI (-0.54; -0.02)]. Improvements in the IG in further secondary endpoints, such as well-being or diabetes-related distress, indicate enhanced overall glycemic control and patient satisfaction in the IG. Conclusions: The use of ESYSTA improved HbA1c levels and other secondary outcomes in people with diabetes who are treated with insulin in comparison with German SoC in the context of DMP. These findings support the integration of digital tools in routine diabetes care to optimize patient outcomes. Clinical Trial Registration: https://drks.de/search/de/trial/DRKS00025996, identifier DRKS00025996.
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