ArticleJournal of prosthodontics : official journal of the American College of Prosthodontists2026
RETRACTED: Surface gloss and micro-CT analysis of additively and subtractively manufactured resin composites and zirconia after simulated tooth brushing with different bristle types and toothpaste formulations: An in vitro study.
Article in Journal of prosthodontics : official journal of the American College of Prosthodontists, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. It has been retracted, and should not be counted. Cited by 1 paper.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
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Who cites it
1 citing paper in PubMed.
- Simulated brushing effects on surface roughness and color stability of coated additively manufactured dental resin: an in vitro study.Journal of medicine and life · 2026Article
Corrections and comments
- Retracted
Authors and funding
4 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
purposeThis study aimed to evaluate the effects of simulated tooth brushing with different bristle types and two toothpaste formulations on the surface gloss and structural integrity of additively (AM) and subtractively (SM) manufactured resin composites and zirconia. MATERIALS AND
methodsA total of 160 specimens were prepared from four material groups: AM resin composite (AM-RC), AM zirconia (AM-Z), SM resin composite (SM-RC), and SM zirconia (SM-Z). Each specimen was assigned to one of four subgroups based on toothbrush bristle type and toothpaste formulation. Following polishing, the initial surface gloss was measured using a glossmeter. Specimens then underwent simulated tooth brushing (10,000 cycles) using a brushing simulator equipped with two toothbrush types and two toothpaste formulations. Surface gloss was re-evaluated post-brushing, and structural changes were analyzed using synchrotron radiation μ-CT at a voxel size of 0.65 µm. Data were statistically analyzed using analysis of variance (ANOVA) with α = 0.05.
resultsThree-way ANOVA revealed a significant impact of all tested factors on surface gloss (p < 0.05). Before polishing, AM-Z and AM-RC exhibited higher gloss than SM-Z and SM-RC (p < 0.05). After polishing, AM-Z showed the greatest gloss enhancement. One-way ANOVA indicated that toothbrush bristle shape and toothpaste composition significantly influenced gloss reduction (p < 0.05), with round-end bristles and whitening toothpaste causing the highest gloss loss. Among materials, AM-Z exhibited the least gloss reduction (10.29 GU).
conclusionsSurface gloss retention is influenced by material type, toothbrush bristle shape, and toothpaste formulation. AM materials demonstrated superior resistance to gloss loss, while whitening toothpaste contributed to greater gloss reduction.
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