Evidence map›Paper›PMID 40659981›Full record

ArticlePhotochemical & photobiological sciences : Official journal of the European Photochemistry Association and the European Society for Photobiology2025

Photosensitizer-conjugated lignin nanoparticles for photodynamic antimicrobial inactivation.

Chenyu Jiang, Parisa Sadrpour, Lihan Chen, Frank Scholle, Anka Veleva, Orlin D Velev, Reza A Ghiladi

Abstract read
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In one paragraph

Article in Photochemical & photobiological sciences : Official journal of the European Photochemistry Association and the European Society for Photobiology, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
0citing papers in PubMed
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1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

0 citing papers in PubMed.

No citing paper in PubMed yet.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

7 authors.

Chenyu Jiang *School of Optical and Electronic Information, Suzhou City University, Suzhou, 215104, China. cjiang@szcu.edu.cn.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0001-6479-6624
Parisa Sadrpour *Department of Chemistry, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC, 27695, USA.
Lihan ChenDepartment of Chemistry, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC, 27695, USA.
Frank ScholleDepartment of Biological Sciences, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC, 27695, USA.
Anka VelevaDepartment of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC, 27695, USA.
Orlin D VelevDepartment of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC, 27695, USA.
Reza A GhiladiDepartment of Chemistry, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC, 27695, USA. Reza_Ghiladi@ncsu.edu.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0002-6450-9311

Funding

General Project of Jiangsu Universities Natural Science Research 1020231361National Science Foundation CMMI-2233399National Science Foundation CNS-1844766National Science Foundation IIP-2014753Pre-research Project for NSFC of SZCU 2023SGY018
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Towards the goal of developing broad-spectrum, self-disinfecting, and cost-effective renewable antimicrobial materials for the prevention of pathogen transmission relevant to healthcare-associated infections (HAIs), a facile cyanuric chloride coupling strategy was employed to covalently attach a commercially available phenothiazine-based photosensitizer, thionine (Th), onto lignin nanoparticles (LNPs). The resultant photodynamic Th-LNPs conjugate was characterized by a variety of techniques, including elemental analysis, diffuse reflectance UV-visible and energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopies, scanning electron microscopy, and thermal gravimetric analysis. Antibacterial photodynamic inactivation studies demonstrated high levels of inactivation (99.999+%) by the Th-LNPs against Gram-positive pathogens methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA; ATCC-44) and vancomycin-resistant Enterococcus faecium (VRE; ATCC-2320), and Gram-negative multi-drug-resistant Acinetobacter baumannii (MDRAB; ATCC-1605), upon visible light illumination (60 min, 400-700 nm, 65 ± 5 mW/cm

Indexed as

Anti-Bacterial AgentsLigninNanoparticlesPhotosensitizing AgentsAcinetobacter baumanniiEnterococcus faeciumLightMethicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus aureusMicrobial Sensitivity TestsPhotochemotherapyAnti-Bacterial AgentsLigninPhotosensitizing AgentsAntibacterialAntiviralBiopolymerLigninPhotodynamic inactivation

Identifiers

PMID40659981

What OpenQuestion holds

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Registered trials

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.