Evidence map›Paper›PMID 40658765›Full record

ArticleEthics & human research

Revisiting the Obligation to Share Aggregate Results with Research Participants in the Era of Open Science.

Katherine E MacDuffie, Benjamin S Wilfond, Stephanie A Kraft

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Ethics & human research. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 6 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
6citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

6 citing papers in PubMed.

  1. Article
  2. A Framework of Institutional Obligations for Pragmatic Clinical Trials.The American journal of bioethics : AJOB · 2026
    Article
  3. Article
  4. Article
  5. Article
  6. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

3 authors.

Katherine E MacDuffieAssistant professor at the Treuman Katz Center for Pediatric Bioethics and Palliative Care in the Seattle Children's Research Institute and Department of Pediatrics at the University of Washington School of Medicine.
Benjamin S WilfondProfessor at the Treuman Katz Center for Pediatric Bioethics and Palliative Care in the Seattle Children's Research Institute and Department of Pediatrics at the University of Washington School of Medicine.
Stephanie A KraftAssistant professor in the Department of Bioethics and Decision Sciences at the Geisinger College of Health Sciences.

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Open science initiatives, intended to democratize access to research products, have made steady progress in shifting the global science culture toward practices like preregistration and data sharing. However, current open science efforts have not yet addressed the special obligation to ensure that research results are made accessible to the portion of the general population who contribute most directly to scientific advances: research participants. In this article, we explore the ethical obligation to communicate aggregate results to research participants and consider elements of open science infrastructure that could be amended for this purpose. We consider open questions for implementation related to the methods, timing, potential harms, oversight, and incentives for communicating aggregate results and pose solutions that could, following the example of open science initiatives, succeed in nudging investigators to reciprocate the efforts of research participants by sharing the scientific findings they helped to advance.

Indexed as

Biomedical ResearchCommunicationInformation DisseminationResearch SubjectsEthics, ResearchHumansaggregate research resultsdata repositoriesdata sharinghuman research ethicshuman subjects researchopen accessopen scienceresearch participants

Identifiers

PMID40658765
PMCPMC12258615

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.