ArticleJournal of mood and anxiety disorders2025
An examination of symptoms, function and quality of life as conjoint clinical outcome domains for treatment-resistant depression.
Article in Journal of mood and anxiety disorders, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 2 papers.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
2 citing papers in PubMed.
- Durability of the benefit of vagus nerve stimulation in markedly treatment-resistant major depression: a RECOVER trial report.The international journal of neuropsychopharmacology · 2026Trial
- The Use of Vagus Nerve Stimulation (VNS) in the Management of Patients with Difficult-to-Treat Major Depressive Disorder (MDD): An Expert Consensus Statement.Neuropsychiatric disease and treatment · 2026Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
12 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Objective: The treatment of depression aims to improve depressive symptoms, daily function and quality of life (QoL). These exploratory analyses of a database of convenience from the RECOVER trial evaluated how a "tripartite" metric based on these 3 outcome domains might perform in treatment-resistant depression (TRD). Methods: Outcome domains included depressive symptoms (MADRS, QIDS-C, QIDS-SR), function (WPAI item-6) and QoL (Mini-Q-LES-Q) obtained at months 3, 6, 9 and 12 in outpatients with markedly TRD in the double-blind RECOVER trial that compared sham to active adjunctive vagus nerve stimulation (VNS). For each domain, clinically meaningful differences were defined Results: Clinically meaningful reductions in depressive symptoms alone missed 25-51 % of all participants who evidenced clinically meaningful benefits in depressive symptoms, function or QoL. The tripartite metric strongly correlated with CGI-I ratings (tetrachoric r = 0.73-0.85), with stronger relationships than each component individually. The tripartite metric successfully separated active from sham adjunctive VNS in a 1-year trial of patients with markedly TRD. Conclusion: Symptoms, function and QoL capture distinct, clinically significant and valid outcomes that identify persons with markedly TRD with a range of clinically meaningful benefits. Whether these results pertain to other major depressive disorder patient groups and treatments deserves study.
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Registered trials
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