ReviewSmall science2025
Extracellular Vesicles in Gut-Bone Axis: Novel Insights and Therapeutic Opportunities for Osteoporosis.
Review in Small science, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 20 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
20 citing papers in PubMed.
- From pathogenic to reparative: Context-Dependent function of extracellular vesicles in osteoarthritis.Bioactive materials · 2027Review
- Capsanthin Attenuates Osteoporosis by Targeting the Urotensin II Receptor Pathway to Inhibit Oxidative Stress and NLRP3 Inflammasome Activation.Calcified tissue international · 2026Article
- Artificial intelligence virtual extracellular vesicles (AIVEVs).Bioactive materials · 2026Review
- O-GlcNAcylation: A bridge for regulating the function of the "heart-kidney-bone axis".Biochemistry and biophysics reports · 2026Review
- Dextromethorphan Modulates the Osteogenic-Adipogenic Balance in Rat Bone Marrow Mesenchymal Stem Cells.Cells · 2026Article
- Modulation of Intestinal-Bone Crosstalk by a Standardised Nutraceutical Combination: An In Vitro Mechanistic Study.Nutrients · 2026Article
- Extracellular vesicles from IPFP-MSCs trigger osteoarthritis by transferring mtDNA.Bioactive materials · 2026Article
- Gut microbiota and bone aging: Focusing on the gut-X axis modes.Journal of orthopaedic translation · 2026Review
- Review
- Organoids for disease modeling and treatment: state-of-the-art.Experimental hematology & oncology · 2026Review
- Gut mucosal microbiota and local intervertebral disc immunity: candidate circulating-cytokine-independent pathways informed by Mendelian randomization evidence.Frontiers in immunology · 2026Review
- Probiotic-Based Materials as Living Therapeutics.Advanced materials (Deerfield Beach, Fla.) · 2026Review
- Engineered bacterial extracellular vesicles as next-generation precision postbiotics: strategies, challenges and prospects.Extracellular vesicles and circulating nucleic acids · 2026Review
- The recent progression of extracellular vesicles application in osteoporosis.Frontiers in pharmacology · 2026Review
- Mammalian, plant, and gut microbiota-derived extracellular vesicles as emerging therapeutics for bone diseases.Frontiers in bioengineering and biotechnology · 2026Review
- The Role of Extracellular Vesicles in Musculoskeletal Diseases.Journal of extracellular vesicles · 2025Review
- Extracellular Vesicles Containing MDP Derived from Lactobacillus rhamnosus GG Inhibit HSV-2 Infection by Activating the NOD2-IFN-I Signalling Pathway.Journal of extracellular vesicles · 2025Article
- Immunocyte-derived extracellular vesicles in osteoimmunology: mechanisms, disease contexts, and translational prospects.Frontiers in immunology · 2025Review
- Bacterial Extracellular Vesicles (BEVs) Derived FromInternational journal of biomaterials · 2025Article
- Harnessing artificial intelligence for engineering extracellular vesicles.Extracellular vesicles and circulating nucleic acids · 2025Review
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
7 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Osteoporosis (OP) is a systemic and retrogressive disease characterized by decreased bone density and fragile bone microstructure. Extracellular vesicles (EVs), a cell-free system with a phospholipid bilayer released by cells that cannot be replicated, have unique nanostructure, stable drug-loading capacity, and good biocompatibility, playing an important role in regulating the gut-skeletal axis. A growing body of research demonstrates that gut microbiota (GM) influence the development of OS, while bacteria-derived EVs (BEVs) have become a new dialogue medium between the gut and bone. Additionally, organoids are 3D cell clusters in vitro that highly simulate the structure and function of corresponding organs. Intestinal organoids-derived EVs (IOEVs) serve as another promising communication medium between the gut and bone due to their significant physiological effects. Herein, three types of gut-bone axes, including the traditional, BEVs-based, and IOEVs-based gut-bone axes are innovatively proposed. The impact of the BEVs-based and IOEVs-based gut-bone axes on OP is focused. The comprehensive summary of three types of gut-bone axes will reveal the relationship between intestinal and bone and provide new solution to OP therapy.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.