ArticleEJHaem2025
Real-World Use of Rituximab in the Treatment of Cold Agglutinin Disease in the United States: A Retrospective Study.
Article in EJHaem, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 1 paper.
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
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Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
1 citing paper in PubMed.
- Incidence of infections in patients treated with rituximab for autoimmune disorders of hematological Interest or non-Hodgkin lymphoma.Annals of hematology · 2026Article
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Authors and funding
11 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Introduction: Rituximab is used off-label for treating cold agglutinin disease (CAD) in the United States; however, real-world data on its use are limited. Methods: This study examined (1) treatment patterns, (2) prespecified safety outcomes, and (3) changes in hemolytic markers post rituximab infusion (threshold change from baseline: hemoglobin [Hb]: ≥2 g/dL increase; bilirubin or lactate dehydrogenase [LDH]: ≥50% decrease). Of 611 patients with CAD (Cohort 1) identified using Optum's de-identified Market Clarity database (2007-2021), 94 who received rituximab (Cohort 2) were included. Results: Rituximab was predominantly used as monotherapy; the median (interquartile range; IQR) number of rituximab courses per patient was 1.0 (1.0-2.0); 24 (25.5%) patients had ≥1 incomplete course and 37 (39.4%) required blood transfusion. The incidence rate (IR) of serious infections per 1000 patient-years (95% CI) post rituximab initiation was three times higher than before rituximab initiation (637.1 [242.2-1032.0] vs. 245.4 [125.1-365.6]). Cohort 2 had a similar IR of thromboembolic events and slightly higher hospitalization rates and deaths than Cohort 1. After the first course of rituximab, 69.5% (41/59), 59.6% (28/47), and 31.3% (10/32) of patients reached thresholds for Hb, bilirubin, and LDH, respectively. The median (IQR) duration of improvement was 44 (13.3-90.8), 98 (29.0-257.0), and 93 (21.3-161.8) days for Hb, bilirubin, and LDH, respectively. Reversal from threshold occurred in 68.3% (28/41), 53.6% (15/28), and 80.0% (8/10) of patients for Hb, bilirubin, and LDH, respectively. Conclusion: Rituximab showed a limited durability of response and an increased risk of infection, suggesting the need for more effective and safer treatment options.
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