ReviewSurgical neurology international2025
The preclinical and clinical trials of mesenchymal stem cell's secretome in traumatic brain injury: Review of basic science.
Review in Surgical neurology international, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 2 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
2 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it.
- Evolution of mesenchymal stem cell therapies for traumatic brain injury: A decade of advances, mechanisms, and translational prospects.Cell transplantationPooled it
- Stem Cells in Post-Stroke Regenerative Therapy: Current Role of Wharton's Jelly Mesenchymal Stem Cells in the Orchestrum.Brain sciences · 2026Review
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
4 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Background: Traumatic brain injury (TBI) presents with associated neurologic and vascular damage triggers a chain of events that lead to a secondary brain injury. Proper prevention may limit undesirable outcomes. Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) and their secretome are promising therapeutic agents for a variety of neurological injuries, including TBI, due to their neuroprotective effects. This paper offers a concise overview of the use of MSCs and secretomes to prevent secondary brain injury and improve functional outcomes in TBI patients. Methods: An electronic database search on PubMed, Cochrane, Scopus, and clinicaltrials.gov was performed to include all relevant studies. Our framework incorporates an analysis of preclinical and clinical studies investigating the effects of MSCs and secretome on clinically relevant neurological and histopathological outcomes. Results: Immunomodulation by molecular factors secreted by MSCs is considered to be a key mechanism involved in their multi-potential therapeutic effects. Regulated neuroinflammation is required for healthy remodeling of the central nervous system during development and adulthood. Moreover, immune cells and their secreted factors can also contribute to tissue repair and neurological recovery following acute brain injury. The use of secretome has key advantages over cell-based therapies, such as lower immunogenicity and easy production, handling, and storage. Conclusion: Compared with traditional therapies, MSC and secretome treatment can directly improve TBI-induced pathological changes and promote recovery of neurological function. MSCs and their secretome hold great promise to bridge this gap in translation for TBI. Further clinical trials are needed to confirm its efficacy and safety.
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Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.