Evidence map›Paper›PMID 40656294›Full record

ArticleCureus2025

Psychological Assessment of Infertile Females in Eastern Uttar Pradesh: A Cross-Sectional Evaluation.

Sakshi Agarwal, Ananya Sharma, Lalit Kumar, Tej Bali Singh

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Cureus, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
0citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

0 citing papers in PubMed.

No citing paper in PubMed yet.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

4 authors.

Sakshi AgarwalDepartment of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Institute of Medical Sciences, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi, IND.
Ananya SharmaDepartment of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Institute of Medical Sciences, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi, IND.
Lalit KumarDepartment of Urology, Institute of Medical Sciences, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi, IND.
Tej Bali SinghDepartment of Preventive Medicine, Institute of Medical Sciences, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi, IND.

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Infertility is not only a gynecological problem but also a psychological issue that holds significant social and cultural value for women. Women facing challenges in conceiving often struggle with emotional and psychological difficulties, including depression, anxiety, and stress. Infertile women are more likely to develop mental illnesses due to various etiological factors, which also impact their quality of life (QOL). This prospective study was conducted over six months, and 71 women between 20 and 40 years of age were interviewed. The primary objective of the study was to assess the impact of infertility on the mental health and QOL of women. Analysis was conducted using standardized tools: the Depression, Anxiety and Stress Scale - 21 Items (DASS-21) and WHO Quality of Life Brief Version (WHOQOL-BREF) questionnaires. Cronbach's alpha was used to measure the reliability of the results. A p-value of <0.05 was considered statistically significant. The mean age of the infertile women was 29.2 ± 5.21 years. Using DASS-21, we found that patients experienced moderate to severe levels of depression, anxiety, and stress, with extremely severe anxiety being more prevalent. Rural infertile women were found to experience higher levels of stress compared to their urban counterparts. QOL appeared moderate, with social relationships being the most affected domain. Infertile women experience highly severe levels of anxiety and moderate to severe levels of depression and stress. These findings highlight the multidimensional impact of infertility and underscore the need for comprehensive healthcare approaches to address the psychological challenges faced by infertile women.

Indexed as

anxietydass 21depressionfemale infertilitystresswhoqol-bref

Identifiers

PMID40656294
PMCPMC12255474

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.