Evidence map›Paper›PMID 40656035›Full record

ArticleIndian journal of psychiatry2025

Exploring adjunctive continuous theta burst stimulation for treatment-resistant auditory hallucinations in schizophrenia: Insights from a case series.

Sukriti Mukherjee, Jayashree Kalita, Trishita Chatterjee, Zinedine Zidane, Sukanto Sarkar

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Indian journal of psychiatry, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 3 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
3citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

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Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

3 citing papers in PubMed.

  1. Review
  2. Reply to the comments.Indian journal of psychiatry · 2025
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4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

5 authors.

Sukriti MukherjeeDepartment of Psychiatry, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Kalyani, West Bengal, India.
Jayashree KalitaDepartment of Psychiatry, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Kalyani, West Bengal, India.
Trishita ChatterjeeDepartment of Psychiatry, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Kalyani, West Bengal, India.
Zinedine ZidaneDepartment of Psychiatry, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Kalyani, West Bengal, India.
Sukanto SarkarDepartment of Psychiatry, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Kalyani, West Bengal, India.

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Background: Auditory hallucinations affect 60%-80% of schizophrenia patients, often causing distress and functional impairment. Despite antipsychotic treatment, 30% remain resistant. Dysfunctional prefrontal-temporal connectivity has been found to be associated with these symptoms. Repetitive Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation (rTMS) is a neuromodulation technique that targets the dysfunctional area and is being used for treatment of persistent auditory hallucinations in Schizophrenia with mixed results. Continuous Theta Burst Stimulation (cTBS) is a novel neuromodulation technique that works on the principals of rTMS with similar or more robust clinical efficacy. Cases: We describe the cases of three patients where cTBS was applied. Conclusion: Significant improvement in auditory hallucinations was noticed in all three patients. While this evidence must be interpreted with caution, future studies on this topic with robust protocol to be conducted.

Indexed as

Clozapine resistant schizophreniacontinuous theta burst stimulationneuromodulationpersistent auditory hallucinations

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Registered trials

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.